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...ion to approximate the teeth<ref name=":0">Basit H, Tariq MA, Siccardi MA. Anatomy, Head and Neck, Mastication Muscles. StatPearls [Internet], 2020. Available ...muscles of mastication image - © Kenhub https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-muscles-of-mastication</ref>

...y innervated fat pad beneath it, stimulating mechanoreceptors that lead to pain perception.<ref name=":0" /> Females are twice as likely to develop ITBS th ...t in compression forces that exceed tissue tolerance and progress into the pain associated with iliotibial band syndrome.

...e plank exercises on core muscle activity. Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science. 2016;5(1):29-33.</ref> ...h Isometric Contraction of Ankle Muscles in Subjects With Chronic Low Back Pain. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research.May 2019. 1064-8011

...uated on the medial side.<ref name="lap">Laprade, R. F., et al., 2007. The Anatomy of the Medial Part of the Knee. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery [online]. ...l ligament of the knee and its significance in joint stability. Journal of Anatomy and Embryology [online]. 121(2), pp. 198-204. [viewed 12 September 2016]. A

...cbi.nlm.nih.gov/16244008/ Sacroiliac joint pain: a comprehensive review of anatomy, diagnosis, and treatment]. Anesthesia & Analgesia. 2005 Nov 1;101(5):1440- ...c joint: anatomy, function, biomechanics, sexual dimorphism, and causes of pain]. International journal of spine surgery. 2020 Feb 1;14(s1):S3-13.</ref>

...needs assistance with movement from an external force because of weakness, pain, or changes in muscle tone ...t 2009 Jan 1 (pp. 538-577). Mosby. Available:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323046794100280 (accessed 25.10.2021)</ref> Usually perfor

...for the Study of Pain. IASP Terminology. Available from: https://www.iasp-pain.org/Education/Content.aspx?ItemNumber=1698. [Accessed 19 July 2020]</ref><b Pain is always '''subjective''' and everyone learns the use of this word through

== Cyclist's Knee - Relevant Anatomy == ...reer. A systematic review and various studies report the incidence of knee pain ranging from 36% to 62%<ref name=":2">Bini R, Hume PA, Croft JL. [https://w

[[File:BrainstemAnatomy.png|thumb|400x400px|Brainstem Anatomy]] ...pinal cord anatomy|spinal cord]].<ref>''[https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/the-brainstem Brainstem]''. Kenhub. </ref>

== Clinically Relevant Anatomy == Please see the page "[[Pelvic Floor Anatomy]]," for further details regarding anatomy.

...effect on another.<ref name=":0">Howell, D, Gait Deviation Associated with Pain Syndromes in the Lower Leg and Foot. Gait Analysis. Plus. 2022</ref> == Anatomy Review ==

[[File:SPINE ANATOMY.jpg|thumb]] * Symptoms of spinal instability may include neck or back pain, nerve pain and muscle spasms<ref name=":2">Beazell, J. R., Mullins, M., & Grindstaff,

== Clinically Relevant Anatomy == ...houlder distally down the arm or proximally into the neck. The duration of pain is almost always self-limiting, lasting 1 to 2 weeks but on rare occasions

== Back Pain in AIS == ...le, H., Poitras, B., Duhaime, M., Rivard, C. and Le Blanc, R. Dorso-lumbal pain and idiopathic scoliosis in adolescence. ''Annales de Chirurgie''. 1996;50

Cuboid syndrome is an easily misdiagnosed source of lateral midfoot pain, and is believed to arise from a subtle disruption of the arthrokinematics == Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==

...me=":2">Wang CS, Sakai M, Khurram A, Lee K. [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468548821000370#fig2 Facial nerve palsy in children: a case s == Clinically Relevant Anatomy ==

The [[Hip Anatomy|hip joint]] is a synovial joint with articulation between the femoral head ...rticles/PMC2717375/pdf/11999_2009_Article_927.pdf The Classic: On Rest and Pain: Lecture XIV.] Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009 Sep;467(9):2208-14. </ref>A join

...ebra.<ref>Miyuki Hirai P, Thomson O P, 2016 [https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1360859216301000 T4 syndrome – A distinct theoretical co ....com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031940605660774 The T4 Syndrome: Some Basic Science Aspects], Physiotherapy, 1997, Volume 83, Issue 4, P:186-189,</ref>&nbsp;

...go sustained amounts of pressure and compression which can cause numbness, pain and weakness eg [[cyclist's palsy]], [[Cyclist's Neck|cyclist's neck]]<ref> == Anatomy of Cycling ==

...c joint: anatomy, function, biomechanics, sexual dimorphism, and causes of pain.] International journal of spine surgery. 2020 Feb 1;14(s1):S3-13.</ref> ...s provide resistance to shear loads.<ref name=":1">Zlomislic V, Garfin SR. Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Sacroiliac Joint. Techniques in Orthopaedics. 2019