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Peg-like cerebellar tonsils are displaced into the upper cervical canal through the foramen magnum. Features similar to Chiari II but with an occipital and/or high cervical encephalocoele.

...ry/alternative therapies in the treatment of tension-type and cervicogenic headache. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 1999;7(3):142-155. doi:10.1016/s0965- ...Hs at some point in their lifetime<ref name=":4">Chowdhury D. Tension type headache. Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/ar

...assive Physiological Intervertebral movements (PPIVMs) and [[PAIVMs of the Cervical Spine - Assessment|Passive Accessory Intervertebral Movements]] (PAIVMs). A ...ist and, if they do, whether their assessment is relevant. At least in the cervical spine, specifically targeted treatment produces superior results to general

[[File:Cervical Spondylosis.jpg|right|frameless]] ...]] or anxiety.<ref name=":2">Nazari, G., Bobos, P, Billis E, MacDermid JC. Cervical flexor muscle training reduces pain, anxiety, and depression levels in pati

...tlanto-occipital joint|atlanto-occipital]] and [[Atlanto-axial joint|upper cervical joints]] and perceived in one or more regions of the head and/or face.<ref ...syndromes that are encountered daily. The main symptoms of a cervicogenic headache are a combination of unilateral pain, ipsilateral diffuse shoulder, and arm

...of cervical traction combined with core muscle strengthening exercises in cervical radiculopathy: a randomized control trial. Journal of Public Health and Bio ...f cervical mobilization combined with stretching exercises in cervicogenic headache. Journal of Public Health and Biological Sciences.2012;1(1):9-13<br>

...and tests). It also introduces the Proposed Classification System for the Cervical Spine. ...mc/articles/PMC8639967/ Consensus practice guidelines on interventions for cervical spine (facet) joint pain from a multispecialty international working group]

...itchell; Changes in vertebral artery flow following normal rotation of the cervical spine; Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics; 347-351, 200 ...e<ref name="p2" /><ref name="p3" /><ref name="p5">Jeanette A. Mitchell; Is cervical spine rotation, as used in the standard vertebrobasilar insufficiency test,

[[File:Major-Branches-of-the-Cervical-Plexus.jpg|thumb|336x336px|Image 2: Origin of the phrenic nerve]] ...e 4th cervical nerve, but also receives contributions from the 3rd and 5th cervical nerves (C3-C5) in humans.<ref>Moore, Keith L. (1999). ''Clinically orient

...vicogenic headache]] (CGH) is caused primarily by dysfunction in the upper cervical spine. However, patients with CGH are also highly likely to have myofascial For more information on the role of the upper cervical spine, please click [https://www.physio-pedia.com/The_Upper_Cervical_Spine_

...ted with signs during applications most are visible for example; blushing, headache, dizziness, jugular vein distension. special care should be taken when deal ...ref>Iyer S, Kim HJ. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4958381/ Cervical radiculopathy]. Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine. 2016 Sep;9(3):

Cervical arterial dysfunction (CAD) is an umbrella term used in manual therapy and p ..., Brew J. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19119383 Manual therapy and cervical arterial dysfunction, directions for the future: a clinical perspective]. J

..."ICHD">The International Headache Society. International Classification of Headache Disorders II. Available from http://ihs-classification.org/en [last accesse ...f> section below. Diagnosis criteria for TTH is based on the International Headache Society classification. This is discussed further under the ‘Diagnostic P

** Severe or increasing headache *[[Cervical Examination|Cervical spine assessment]].

...sleep–emotional symptom cluster), and ocular symptoms with vestibular and cervical symptoms (i.e. neurological symptom cluster)<ref name=":0" />. Symptoms included: headache, light or noise sensitivity, nausea<ref name=":0" />

...Chen W, Hou T, Chen T, Lieu F. Predictors for the immediate responders to cervical manipulation in patients with neck pain. Manual Therapy. 2006;11(4):306-315 # Diagnosis of [[Cervical Spondylosis|Spondylosis]] without [[Radiculopathy]]

...2#2.2_Neck_pain_with_cervicogenic_headache|2.2 Neck pain with cervicogenic headache]] ...of some vertebral mobolization techniques in the management of unilateral cervical spondylosis: a comparitive study. J Phys Ther Sci 2008;20:103-8.</ref>

...nò, A., Alekseeva, A. ''et al.'' The fifth cranial nerve in headaches. ''J Headache Pain'' 21, 65 (2020).</ref> ...ng SH, Lee KS, Kim ST, Lee WH. Trigeminal Neuralgia Resulting from Delayed Cervical Cord Compression after Acute Traumatic Fracture of Odontoid Process. ''Kore

...he_pain_and_dysfunction_of_lateral_epicondylalgia The initial effects of a cervical spine manipulative physiotherapy treatment on the pain and dysfunction of l ...el Syndrome|carpal tunnel syndrome]], cubital tunnel syndrome and nonacute cervical radiculopathy.<ref name=":0">COPPIETERS M. Hough A. Dilley A. Different Ner

...cal spinal pain as "pain perceived anywhere in the posterior region of the cervical spine, from the superior nuchal line to the first thoracic spinous process" ...ck pain should follow the usual [[Cervical Examination|examination for the cervical spine]]. However it is important to be aware of the differing impairments