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...al test (the Thessaly test) for early detection of meniscal tears. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005;87(5):955-962.</ref><br> [[File:Knee Joint.jpg|600x600px]]<ref>Illustration from Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web

...ined by the physiotherapist. CPM machines are most commonly applied to the knee, but there are versions for other joints such as the hip, shoulder and elbo ...ted in pediatric orthopaedic surgeries or injuries for maintaining hip and knee range of motion.<ref name=":0">Guidera K.J., Hontas R., Ogden J.A. [https:/

...scotibial ligaments,''' are part of the fibrous capsule of the [[Knee|knee joint]]. They are made up of the medial coronary ligament and the lateral coronar The coronary ligaments support rotational stability of the knee and prevent anterior [[Tibia|tibial]] translation<ref>Feger J, Knipe H, Kni

Each joint has a normal [[Range of Motion|ROM]] range of values, while each person has ...name=":1">Wem [https://www.wikem.org/wiki/Range_of_motion_by_joint ROM by joint] Available online:https://www.wikem.org/wiki/Range_of_motion_by_joint [acce

The Knee Outcome Survey (KOS) is a patient-completed questionnaire that provides a p [[Image:Gray345.png|thumb|knee]]

...<ref>Fulkerson JP, Shea KP. Disorders of Patellofemoral Alignment. J Bone Joint Surgery. 1990; 72-A: 1424-1429</ref> The authors are from the University of [[Category:Knee]]

If a patient has adequate muscle [[Strength Training|strength]] and joint [[Range of Motion|ROM]] for level-ground [[Walking - Muscles Used|walking]] ...el ground walking. The ankle moments are almost similar in both gaits. The knee has generative role in stair ascent( absorptive in level walking). Powers a

The purpose of this test is to detect the presence of patellofemoral joint disorder ([[Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome|patellofemoral pain syndrome]], [[ ...driceps muscle. A positive sign on this test is pain in the patellofemoral joint<ref name="Baxter">Baxter R. Pocket Guide to Musculoskeletal Assessment, 2nd

...Mooar. A rationale for assessing sports activity levels and limitations in knee disorders. ''Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research'' 1989: 246: 238-2 ...L reconstructions]] among athletes, the CKRS is applicable to a variety of knee conditions such as articular cartilage restorative procedures, meniscus rep

...s where there is a twisting motion on the partially flexed, weight-bearing knee.<ref>[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S02680890060003 ...determine the presence of a [[Meniscal Lesions|meniscal tear]] within the knee.

...kins JT, Ingersoll CD. Arthrogenic muscle inhibition: a limiting factor in joint rehabilitation. Journal of sport rehabilitation. 2000 May 1;9(2):135-59.</r ...vation acts on inhibitory interneurons synapsing on the motoneuron pool of joint musculature, thus, the contractions created by the motoneuron pool decrease

...attachment and contributes to the stability of the [[Ankle Joint|ankle]] joint. ...extends to form the lateral malleolus, an important structure in the ankle joint, positioned inferiolaterally.

...ral ligament and the posterolateral corner.] Insall & Scott Surgery of the Knee. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone, 2012; 45: 592-60 ...It is one of 4 critical ligaments involved in stabilizing the [[Knee|knee joint.]]

...n 8-week neuromuscular exercise program for patients with mild to moderate knee osteoarthritis: a case series drawn from a registered clinical trial. Journ ...enmark for people with [[Hip Osteoarthritis|hip]] or [[Knee Osteoarthritis|knee osteoarthritis]] (OA) symptoms.

...tive feedback to the joints. For Nick, it is a likely cause of pain in his knee affecting his mobility. It led me to decide that the first thing to do was *Soft tissue and joint mobilisation and stretches to lower limbs and trunk, including rotation and

[[Image:Knee effusion.JPG|thumb|right|300px|Severe Knee Effusion]] ...aluated to know whether it is a soft tissue swelling, a bony swelling or a joint effusion.

When a muscle is not able to actively move a joint to its passive limit, it is known as Muscle lag<ref name=":0">Stillman BC. == Passive and Active limit of a joint ==

Patient is prone with test side knee extended ...d range of motion is 0- 30 degrees<ref>Norkin CC, White DJ. Measurement of joint motion: a guide to goniometry. FA Davis; 2016 Nov 18.</ref>

== Gait Kinetics and Joint Moment == ...ntric muscle contraction, the muscle shortens and there is movement at the joint, whereas during an eccentric contraction the muscle lengthens while produci

...g, there are two patterns of range of motion used in the interpretation of joint motion: ...capsular pattern of restriction is a limitation of pain and movement in a joint specific ratio, which is usually present with [[Osteoarthritis|arthritis]],