Hand Exercises: Difference between revisions

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<div class="editorbox"> '''[[Rheumatoid Arthritis|Original]] Editor '''- [[User:Shaimaa Eldib|Shaimaa Eldib]] '''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}</div>
<div class="editorbox"> '''[[Rheumatoid Arthritis|Original]] Editor '''- [[User:Shaimaa Eldib|Shaimaa Eldib]] '''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}}</div>
== [[Osteoarthritis|Introduction]] ==
== [[Osteoarthritis|Introduction]] ==
Hand Exercises are used as an intervention that aims to improve the mobility and strength of the hand in additionally,improving functional ability. Hand exercise may include:
[[Effects of Ageing on Hand Function|Hand exercises]] are a beneficial intervention for improving hand mobility, strength, and functional ability. They may include:
[[File:Digit ROM Exercise Handout.jpg|thumb]]
[[File:Old client.jpg|none|thumb|365x365px|Hand Exercise with a ball.]]
* '''Mobilizing''' '''exercise''' (Increase or maintain range of motion)
'''Mobilizing exercises''' to increase or maintain range of motion.
* '''Strengthing''' '''exercise''' ( that use resistance from putty, a gel ball, or elastic band to strengthen hand and wrist muscles)<ref name=":0">Williams MA, Srikesavan C, Heine PJ, Bruce J, Brosseau L, Hoxey‐Thomas N, Lamb SE. Exercise for rheumatoid arthritis of the hand. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018(7).</ref>
'''Strengthening exercises''' using resistance from putty, a gel ball, or elastic bands.
* '''Streaching''' '''exercise''' (to increase muscles flexibility of fingers and wrist)
 
'''Stretching exercises''' to increase muscle flexibility of the fingers and wrist.


There are many conditions that may affect the hand and need exercise as an intervention to help patients to perform their ADL activities independently and increase the strength of handgrip. <ref>Ellegaard K, von Bülow C, Røpke A, Bartholdy C, Hansen IS, Rifbjerg-Madsen S, Henriksen M, Wæhrens EE. Hand exercise for women with rheumatoid arthritis and decreased hand function: an exploratory randomized controlled trial. Arthritis research & therapy. 2019 Dec 1;21(1):158.</ref>
There are many conditions that may affect the hand and need exercise as an intervention to help patients to perform their ADL activities independently and increase the strength of handgrip. <ref>Ellegaard K, von Bülow C, Røpke A, Bartholdy C, Hansen IS, Rifbjerg-Madsen S, Henriksen M, Wæhrens EE. Hand exercise for women with rheumatoid arthritis and decreased hand function: an exploratory randomized controlled trial. Arthritis research & therapy. 2019 Dec 1;21(1):158.</ref>


=== ''<u>Example of conditions:</u>'' ===
=== <u>'''Common Conditions Affecting Hand''''':''</u> ===
'''[[Osteoarthritis]]''' is the most common joint disease and most frequently affects [[Hand Function|the hand]].<ref>Fife RS, Klippel J. Primer on the rheumatic diseases.</ref> This disease leads to pain in and around the affected [[Joint Classification|joints]] and to swelling, stiffness, deformity, and gradual loss of function. As a result, the ability to perform daily tasks may become impaired or lost.<ref>Stamm TA, Machold KP, Smolen JS, Fischer S, Redlich K, Graninger W, Ebner W, Erlacher L. Joint protection and home hand exercises improve hand function in patients with hand osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Care & Research: Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatology. 2002 Feb;47(1):44-9.</ref> A randomized controlled trail conducted in 2015  found that hand exercises were well tolerated and significantly improved activity performance, grip strength, pain and fatigue in women with Homeowners Association {HOA}<ref>Hennig T, Hæhre L, Hornburg VT, Mowinckel P, Norli ES, Kjeken I. Effect of home-based hand exercises in women with hand osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled trial. Annals of the rheumatic diseases. 2015 Aug 1;74(8):1501-8.</ref>.
Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are two common conditions that affect the hand and require exercise as an intervention to help patients perform daily activities independently and increase hand strength.
 
'''[[Osteoarthritis]]''' is the most common joint disease and frequently affects the [[Hand Function|hand]], leading to pain, swelling, stiffness, deformity, and gradual loss of function.<ref>Fife RS, Klippel J. Primer on the rheumatic diseases.</ref> <ref>Stamm TA, Machold KP, Smolen JS, Fischer S, Redlich K, Graninger W, Ebner W, Erlacher L. Joint protection and home hand exercises improve hand function in patients with hand osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Care & Research: Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatology. 2002 Feb;47(1):44-9.</ref>A study found that hand exercises were well-tolerated and significantly improved activity performance, grip strength, pain, and fatigue in women with osteoarthritis.<ref>Hennig T, Hæhre L, Hornburg VT, Mowinckel P, Norli ES, Kjeken I. Effect of home-based hand exercises in women with hand osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled trial. Annals of the rheumatic diseases. 2015 Aug 1;74(8):1501-8.</ref>.


'''[[Rheumatoid Arthritis|Rheumatoid arthritis]]''' is the most common polyarthritis and affecting 0,24 to 1% of the population. Most of RA patients suffer from frequent problems for the hand and wrist like inflammation, [[Swan-Neck Deformity|deformity (swan neck deformity)]], pain, weakness, and restricted mobility, resulting in loss of function<ref name=":0" /><ref>Lamb SE, Williamson EM, Heine PJ, Adams J, Dosanjh S, Dritsaki M, Glover MJ, Lord J, McConkey C, Nichols V, Rahman A. Exercises to improve function of the rheumatoid hand (SARAH): a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2015 Jan 31;385(9966):421-9.</ref>.        
'''[[Rheumatoid Arthritis|Rheumatoid arthritis]]''' is the most common polyarthritis and affecting 0,24 to 1% of the population. RA patients often experience hand and wrist problems like inflammation, deformity, pain, weakness, and restricted mobility, resulting in loss of function. Hand exercises can help strengthen muscles and tendons in the hand and forearms, improve range of motion in the fingers and thumbs, and enhance hand function.<ref name=":0">Williams MA, Srikesavan C, Heine PJ, Bruce J, Brosseau L, Hoxey‐Thomas N, Lamb SE. Exercise for rheumatoid arthritis of the hand. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018(7).</ref><ref>Lamb SE, Williamson EM, Heine PJ, Adams J, Dosanjh S, Dritsaki M, Glover MJ, Lord J, McConkey C, Nichols V, Rahman A. Exercises to improve function of the rheumatoid hand (SARAH): a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2015 Jan 31;385(9966):421-9.</ref>         


=== '''''<u>Hand exercise</u>''''' ===
=== '''''<u>Hand exercises</u>''''' ===


{{#ev:youtube|GyCdT6hTgeA}}
{{#ev:youtube|GyCdT6hTgeA}}


=== ''<u>iSARAH Hand Exercise</u>'' ===
=== ''<u>iSARAH Hand Exercises</u>'' ===
It is a strengthening and stretching exercise program for the hand to help '''RA''' patients<ref name=":1">Hall AM, Copsey B, Williams M, Srikesavan C, Lamb SE, Sarah Trial Team. Mediating effect of changes in hand impairments on hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: exploring the mechanisms of an effective exercise program. Arthritis care & research. 2017 Jul;69(7):982-8.</ref>. A multi trial had been conducted in the UK as around 490 adult patients who suffer from rheumatoid arthritis, hand pain and dysfunction and they had been on a stable drug regime for at least 3 months, to either usual care or usual care plus a tailored strengthening and stretching hand exercise program<ref>Lamb SE, Williamson EM, Heine PJ, Adams J, Dosanjh S, Dritsaki M, Glover MJ, Lord J, McConkey C, Nichols V, Rahman A. Exercises to improve function of the rheumatoid hand (SARAH): a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2015 Jan 31;385(9966):421-9.</ref><ref>Williams MA, Williamson EM, Heine PJ, Nichols V, Glover MJ, Dritsaki M, Adams J, Dosanjh S, Underwood M, Rahman A, McConkey C. Strengthening And stretching for Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Hand (SARAH). A randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation.</ref>. The study concluded that using a tailored hand exercise program( iSARAH) is a worthwhile, low-cost intervention to provide as an adjunct to various drug regimens. <ref name=":1" />
The iSARAH program is a tailored hand exercise program designed to help patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) improve hand strength and flexibility. <ref name=":1">Hall AM, Copsey B, Williams M, Srikesavan C, Lamb SE, Sarah Trial Team. Mediating effect of changes in hand impairments on hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: exploring the mechanisms of an effective exercise program. Arthritis care & research. 2017 Jul;69(7):982-8.</ref>A multi-trial conducted in the UK involving 490 adult RA patients concluded that the iSARAH program is a worthwhile, low-cost intervention to provide as an adjunct to various drug regimens.<ref>Lamb SE, Williamson EM, Heine PJ, Adams J, Dosanjh S, Dritsaki M, Glover MJ, Lord J, McConkey C, Nichols V, Rahman A. Exercises to improve function of the rheumatoid hand (SARAH): a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2015 Jan 31;385(9966):421-9.</ref> <ref>Williams MA, Williamson EM, Heine PJ, Nichols V, Glover MJ, Dritsaki M, Adams J, Dosanjh S, Underwood M, Rahman A, McConkey C. Strengthening And stretching for Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Hand (SARAH). A randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation.</ref>{{#ev:youtube|q1pNhMkJHhg}}The program includes 11 flexibility and strength exercises, along with behavioral change support strategies recommended by health professionals to help patients adhere to their exercise regimen and make hand exercising a daily habit.  
 
{{#ev:youtube|q1pNhMkJHhg}}
 
Also, a qualitative longitudinal study<ref name=":2">Nichols VP, Williamson E, Toye F, Lamb SE. A longitudinal, qualitative study exploring sustained adherence to a hand exercise programme for rheumatoid arthritis evaluated in the SARAH trial. Disability and rehabilitation. 2017 Aug 28;39(18):1856-63.</ref> was conducted to explore the sustained adherence for hand exercise program(iSARAH)found that establishing a routine was an important step towards participants being able to exercise independently. Therapists provided participants with the skills to continue to exercise while dealing with changes in symptoms and schedules.<ref name=":2" />


The iSARAH program includes a total of 11 flexibility and strength exercises, supplemented with simple behavioral change support strategies recommended by health professionals to help patients adhere with their iSARAH exercises and make hand exercising a daily habit. Any health care professional can take the course of iSARAH hand program . Please follow this link:
A qualitative longitudinal study found that establishing a routine was an important step towards participants being able to exercise independently, and therapists provided participants with the skills to continue exercising while dealing with changes in symptoms and schedules. <ref name=":2">Nichols VP, Williamson E, Toye F, Lamb SE. A longitudinal, qualitative study exploring sustained adherence to a hand exercise programme for rheumatoid arthritis evaluated in the SARAH trial. Disability and rehabilitation. 2017 Aug 28;39(18):1856-63.</ref>Healthcare professionals can take the course for the iSARAH hand program to effectively implement this evidence-based hand exercise program into their practice.  


<nowiki>https://www.clahrc-oxford.nihr.ac.uk/blog/sarah-implementing-an-evidence-based-hand-exercise-programme-into-nhs-practice</nowiki>
For more information on the iSARAH program, healthcare professionals can visit the following link: [[/www.clahrc-oxford.nihr.ac.uk/blog/sarah-implementing-an-evidence-based-hand-exercise-programme-into-nhs-practice|iSARAH Hand Program]].


== References ==
== References ==
[[Category:Hand - Interventions]]
[[Category:Hand - Interventions]]
<references />
<references />

Revision as of 19:18, 16 December 2023

Original Editor - Shaimaa Eldib Top Contributors - Shaimaa Eldib, Mohit Chand, Kim Jackson, Seba Mamdouh and Vidya Acharya

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Hand exercises are a beneficial intervention for improving hand mobility, strength, and functional ability. They may include:

Hand Exercise with a ball.

Mobilizing exercises to increase or maintain range of motion. Strengthening exercises using resistance from putty, a gel ball, or elastic bands.

Stretching exercises to increase muscle flexibility of the fingers and wrist.

There are many conditions that may affect the hand and need exercise as an intervention to help patients to perform their ADL activities independently and increase the strength of handgrip. [1]

Common Conditions Affecting Hand:[edit | edit source]

Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis are two common conditions that affect the hand and require exercise as an intervention to help patients perform daily activities independently and increase hand strength.

Osteoarthritis is the most common joint disease and frequently affects the hand, leading to pain, swelling, stiffness, deformity, and gradual loss of function.[2] [3]A study found that hand exercises were well-tolerated and significantly improved activity performance, grip strength, pain, and fatigue in women with osteoarthritis.[4].

Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common polyarthritis and affecting 0,24 to 1% of the population. RA patients often experience hand and wrist problems like inflammation, deformity, pain, weakness, and restricted mobility, resulting in loss of function. Hand exercises can help strengthen muscles and tendons in the hand and forearms, improve range of motion in the fingers and thumbs, and enhance hand function.[5][6]

Hand exercises[edit | edit source]

iSARAH Hand Exercises[edit | edit source]

The iSARAH program is a tailored hand exercise program designed to help patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) improve hand strength and flexibility. [7]A multi-trial conducted in the UK involving 490 adult RA patients concluded that the iSARAH program is a worthwhile, low-cost intervention to provide as an adjunct to various drug regimens.[8] [9]

The program includes 11 flexibility and strength exercises, along with behavioral change support strategies recommended by health professionals to help patients adhere to their exercise regimen and make hand exercising a daily habit.

A qualitative longitudinal study found that establishing a routine was an important step towards participants being able to exercise independently, and therapists provided participants with the skills to continue exercising while dealing with changes in symptoms and schedules. [10]Healthcare professionals can take the course for the iSARAH hand program to effectively implement this evidence-based hand exercise program into their practice.

For more information on the iSARAH program, healthcare professionals can visit the following link: iSARAH Hand Program.

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Ellegaard K, von Bülow C, Røpke A, Bartholdy C, Hansen IS, Rifbjerg-Madsen S, Henriksen M, Wæhrens EE. Hand exercise for women with rheumatoid arthritis and decreased hand function: an exploratory randomized controlled trial. Arthritis research & therapy. 2019 Dec 1;21(1):158.
  2. ↑ Fife RS, Klippel J. Primer on the rheumatic diseases.
  3. ↑ Stamm TA, Machold KP, Smolen JS, Fischer S, Redlich K, Graninger W, Ebner W, Erlacher L. Joint protection and home hand exercises improve hand function in patients with hand osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Care & Research: Official Journal of the American College of Rheumatology. 2002 Feb;47(1):44-9.
  4. ↑ Hennig T, Hæhre L, Hornburg VT, Mowinckel P, Norli ES, Kjeken I. Effect of home-based hand exercises in women with hand osteoarthritis: a randomised controlled trial. Annals of the rheumatic diseases. 2015 Aug 1;74(8):1501-8.
  5. ↑ Williams MA, Srikesavan C, Heine PJ, Bruce J, Brosseau L, Hoxey‐Thomas N, Lamb SE. Exercise for rheumatoid arthritis of the hand. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2018(7).
  6. ↑ Lamb SE, Williamson EM, Heine PJ, Adams J, Dosanjh S, Dritsaki M, Glover MJ, Lord J, McConkey C, Nichols V, Rahman A. Exercises to improve function of the rheumatoid hand (SARAH): a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2015 Jan 31;385(9966):421-9.
  7. ↑ Hall AM, Copsey B, Williams M, Srikesavan C, Lamb SE, Sarah Trial Team. Mediating effect of changes in hand impairments on hand function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: exploring the mechanisms of an effective exercise program. Arthritis care & research. 2017 Jul;69(7):982-8.
  8. ↑ Lamb SE, Williamson EM, Heine PJ, Adams J, Dosanjh S, Dritsaki M, Glover MJ, Lord J, McConkey C, Nichols V, Rahman A. Exercises to improve function of the rheumatoid hand (SARAH): a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet. 2015 Jan 31;385(9966):421-9.
  9. ↑ Williams MA, Williamson EM, Heine PJ, Nichols V, Glover MJ, Dritsaki M, Adams J, Dosanjh S, Underwood M, Rahman A, McConkey C. Strengthening And stretching for Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Hand (SARAH). A randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation.
  10. ↑ Nichols VP, Williamson E, Toye F, Lamb SE. A longitudinal, qualitative study exploring sustained adherence to a hand exercise programme for rheumatoid arthritis evaluated in the SARAH trial. Disability and rehabilitation. 2017 Aug 28;39(18):1856-63.
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