Motoric Cognitive Risk Syndrome: Difference between revisions
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MCR amongst older persons is estimated to be 10% in the 60 + age group, giving this popolation a higher risk of future disability. | MCR amongst older persons is estimated to be 10% in the 60 + age group, giving this popolation a higher risk of future disability. | ||
== Pathology == | |||
Both neurological and non-neurological clinical abnormalities are evident. Gait irregularities and fast functional decline (eg postural and balance dysfunction, memory loss, cognitive decline) stemming from altered afferent sensory and efferent motor responses, in tandem with confusing visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive inputs. The pathology of MCR is attributed to frontal lacunar infarcts, for example white matter hyperintensity (WMH), pre-motor and pre-frontal gray matter atrophy in the pre-motor and pre-frontal cortex, and genetic factors. Cerebrovascular lesions and cardiovascular disorders amplify the pathological changes. <ref name=":0">Xiang K, Liu Y, Sun L. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8847709/ Motoric cognitive risk syndrome: symptoms, pathology, diagnosis, and recovery]. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2022 Feb 2;13:728799.Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8847709/ (accessed 12.4.2023)</ref> | |||
== Diagnosis == | |||
The diagnosis of MCR is an involved process comprising neuropsychological tests, biomarker assays, imaging studies, questionnaire-based evaluation, and motor function tests. <ref name=":0" /> | |||
== Management == | |||
Recovery from MCR may include cognitive, physical, and social activities, exercise, diet, nutritional supplements, symptomatic drug treatment, and lifestyle habits that restrict the disease progression. Psychotherapeutic counseling, anti-depressants, and vitamins may support motor and cognitive improvement, primarily through the restorative pathways. <ref name=":0" /> | |||
== | == Physiotherapy == | ||
Motor function tests for diagnosis and as treatment outcome measures include: including walking speed, dual-task gait tests, and ambulation ability.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
Exercise has been to shown to have a role in preventing cognitive decline. Home-based exercises with telephonic coaching are both safe as well as feasible in patients with Motoric Cognitive Risk syndrome<ref>Ambrose AF, Gulley E, Verghese T, Verghese J. [https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/full/10.2217/nmt-2020-0064 Home-based exercise program for older adults with Motoric Cognitive Risk syndrome: feasibility study.] Neurodegenerative disease management. 2021 Jun;11(03):221-8.Available:https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/full/10.2217/nmt-2020-0064 (accessed 12.4.2023)</ref> | |||
== Resources == | == Resources == | ||
Revision as of 02:47, 12 April 2023
Original Editor - Lucinda hampton
Top Contributors - Lucinda hampton
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCR) is a syndrome that develops prior to dementia. The syndrome consists of a slower gait and cognitive complaints. New research is showing that gait dysfunction can be a harbinger of dementia.[1]
MCR amongst older persons is estimated to be 10% in the 60 + age group, giving this popolation a higher risk of future disability.
Pathology[edit | edit source]
Both neurological and non-neurological clinical abnormalities are evident. Gait irregularities and fast functional decline (eg postural and balance dysfunction, memory loss, cognitive decline) stemming from altered afferent sensory and efferent motor responses, in tandem with confusing visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive inputs. The pathology of MCR is attributed to frontal lacunar infarcts, for example white matter hyperintensity (WMH), pre-motor and pre-frontal gray matter atrophy in the pre-motor and pre-frontal cortex, and genetic factors. Cerebrovascular lesions and cardiovascular disorders amplify the pathological changes. [2]
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
The diagnosis of MCR is an involved process comprising neuropsychological tests, biomarker assays, imaging studies, questionnaire-based evaluation, and motor function tests. [2]
Management[edit | edit source]
Recovery from MCR may include cognitive, physical, and social activities, exercise, diet, nutritional supplements, symptomatic drug treatment, and lifestyle habits that restrict the disease progression. Psychotherapeutic counseling, anti-depressants, and vitamins may support motor and cognitive improvement, primarily through the restorative pathways. [2]
Physiotherapy[edit | edit source]
Motor function tests for diagnosis and as treatment outcome measures include: including walking speed, dual-task gait tests, and ambulation ability.[2]
Exercise has been to shown to have a role in preventing cognitive decline. Home-based exercises with telephonic coaching are both safe as well as feasible in patients with Motoric Cognitive Risk syndrome[3]
Resources[edit | edit source]
- bulleted list
- x
or
- numbered list
- x
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Meiner Z, Ayers E, Verghese J. Motoric cognitive risk syndrome: a risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia in different populations. Annals of geriatric medicine and research. 2020 Mar;24(1):3.Available: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7370775/(accessed 12.4.2023)
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Xiang K, Liu Y, Sun L. Motoric cognitive risk syndrome: symptoms, pathology, diagnosis, and recovery. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2022 Feb 2;13:728799.Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8847709/ (accessed 12.4.2023)
- ↑ Ambrose AF, Gulley E, Verghese T, Verghese J. Home-based exercise program for older adults with Motoric Cognitive Risk syndrome: feasibility study. Neurodegenerative disease management. 2021 Jun;11(03):221-8.Available:https://www.futuremedicine.com/doi/full/10.2217/nmt-2020-0064 (accessed 12.4.2023)
