Prolonged Labor: Difference between revisions
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'''Original Editor '''- [[User: | '''Original Editor '''- [[User:Temitope Olowoyeye]] | ||
'''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} | '''Top Contributors''' - {{Special:Contributors/{{FULLPAGENAME}}}} | ||
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
labor dystocia is a labor complication common in nulliparous women that may disrupt the the process of vaginal delivery making it a major indication for instrumental deliveries or/ and cesarean section (CS).(Lowe NK: A Review of factors associated with dystocia and Cesarean section in nulliparous women. J Midwifery womens health. 2007,52(3):216-228, American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. ACOG practice bulletin number 49, December 2003: dystocia and augmentation of labor. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;102:1445–54. | |||
It may increase the risk for maternal and neonatal infection, fetal distress, neonatal hypoxia, uterine rupture, and postpartum hemorrhage it may also increase the risk of maternal pelvic floor and genital trauma.(Sheiner E, Levy A, Feinstein U, et al. Risk factors and outcome of failure to progress during the first stage of labor: a population-based study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2002 Mar;81(3):222–6. PMID: 11966478. ) Labor dystocia(LD) can not be described without describing the process of normal labor process. Normal labor is described as uterine contractions that leads to progressive dilation and effacement of the cervix. Labor dystocia (LD) caused by fetal malposition, inadequate contractions, poor maternal efforts, or true cephalopelvic disproportion, (Shields SG, Ratcliffe SD, Fontaine P, Leeman L. Dystocia in nulliparous women. Am Fam Physician. 2007 Jun 1;75(11):1671-8. PMID: 17575657. ) Management of LD can significantly affect the outcome of the delivery process. | |||
== | == Pathophysiology == | ||
Labor dystocia can be the result of problems with one of the following three P' s: | |||
Passenger: The passenger is referred to the fetus travelling down the birth canal. When the fetal head is large in proportion to the mother's pelvis, or not in proper position, the | |||
Pelvis or passage (size, shape, and adequacy of the pelvis) | |||
Power (uterine contractility) to foeto-pelvic disproportion (mechanical dystocia) and/or inadequate contractions (dynamic dystocia) and/or ineffective maternal pushing efforts in the second stage of labour. | |||
== Definition == | |||
WHO defined labor dystocia as the "onset of regular, | |||
rhythmical painful contractions accompanied by cervical dilation | |||
where labour is longer than 24 hours". | |||
== Resources == | == Resources == | ||
Revision as of 02:56, 26 November 2022
Original Editor - User:Temitope Olowoyeye
Top Contributors - Temitope Olowoyeye, Gold Oluleye, Kim Jackson, Lucinda hampton and Khloud Shreif
Introduction[edit | edit source]
labor dystocia is a labor complication common in nulliparous women that may disrupt the the process of vaginal delivery making it a major indication for instrumental deliveries or/ and cesarean section (CS).(Lowe NK: A Review of factors associated with dystocia and Cesarean section in nulliparous women. J Midwifery womens health. 2007,52(3):216-228, American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. ACOG practice bulletin number 49, December 2003: dystocia and augmentation of labor. Obstet Gynecol. 2003;102:1445–54. It may increase the risk for maternal and neonatal infection, fetal distress, neonatal hypoxia, uterine rupture, and postpartum hemorrhage it may also increase the risk of maternal pelvic floor and genital trauma.(Sheiner E, Levy A, Feinstein U, et al. Risk factors and outcome of failure to progress during the first stage of labor: a population-based study. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2002 Mar;81(3):222–6. PMID: 11966478. ) Labor dystocia(LD) can not be described without describing the process of normal labor process. Normal labor is described as uterine contractions that leads to progressive dilation and effacement of the cervix. Labor dystocia (LD) caused by fetal malposition, inadequate contractions, poor maternal efforts, or true cephalopelvic disproportion, (Shields SG, Ratcliffe SD, Fontaine P, Leeman L. Dystocia in nulliparous women. Am Fam Physician. 2007 Jun 1;75(11):1671-8. PMID: 17575657. ) Management of LD can significantly affect the outcome of the delivery process.
Pathophysiology[edit | edit source]
Labor dystocia can be the result of problems with one of the following three P' s:
Passenger: The passenger is referred to the fetus travelling down the birth canal. When the fetal head is large in proportion to the mother's pelvis, or not in proper position, the
Pelvis or passage (size, shape, and adequacy of the pelvis)
Power (uterine contractility) to foeto-pelvic disproportion (mechanical dystocia) and/or inadequate contractions (dynamic dystocia) and/or ineffective maternal pushing efforts in the second stage of labour.
Definition[edit | edit source]
WHO defined labor dystocia as the "onset of regular, rhythmical painful contractions accompanied by cervical dilation where labour is longer than 24 hours".
Resources[edit | edit source]
- bulleted list
- x
or
- numbered list
- x
