FADER Test: Difference between revisions
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
FADER test stands for Flexion, Adduction, External Rotation test. This is a pain provacation test of the hip for assessing lateral hip pain for gluteal tendinopathy. | FADER test stands for Flexion, Adduction, External Rotation test. This is a pain provacation test of the hip for assessing lateral hip pain for [[Gluteal Tendinopathy|gluteal tendinopathy]]. | ||
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy == | == Clinically Relevant Anatomy == | ||
'''Gluteus medius'''<ref name=":1">Sunil Kumar, Karadi Hari, et al. “[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00167-020-06354-1 Pathogenesis and Contemporary Diagnoses for Lateral Hip Pain: A Scoping Review.]” ''Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy'', vol. 29, no. 8, 19 Dec. 2020, pp. 2408–2416, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-020-06354-1</nowiki>. | '''[[Gluteus Medius|Gluteus medius]]'''<ref name=":1">Sunil Kumar, Karadi Hari, et al. “[https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00167-020-06354-1 Pathogenesis and Contemporary Diagnoses for Lateral Hip Pain: A Scoping Review.]” ''Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy'', vol. 29, no. 8, 19 Dec. 2020, pp. 2408–2416, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-020-06354-1</nowiki>. | ||
</ref>''':''' It originates from the gluteal fossa, the gluteal aponeurosis and the postero-inferior iliac crest, and inserts onto the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter. It is responsible for abduction and internal rotation of the hip. It also acts as a stabiliser of the pelvis. | </ref>''':''' It originates from the gluteal fossa, the gluteal aponeurosis and the postero-inferior iliac crest, and inserts onto the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter. It is responsible for abduction and internal rotation of the hip. It also acts as a stabiliser of the pelvis. | ||
'''Gluteus minimus'''<ref name=":1" />''':''' It originates from the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines, and inserts onto the anterior aspect of the greater trochanter. It assists in hip abduction and internal rotation and stabilises the pelvis with gluteus medius. | '''[[Gluteus Minimus|Gluteus minimus]]'''<ref name=":1" />''':''' It originates from the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines, and inserts onto the anterior aspect of the greater trochanter. It assists in hip abduction and internal rotation and stabilises the pelvis with gluteus medius. | ||
More detailed information of the hip anatomy can be found [[/www.physio-pedia.com/Hip|here]]. | More detailed information of the hip anatomy can be found [[/www.physio-pedia.com/Hip|here]]. | ||
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It is unclear whether one single test can be used isolatedly to accurately diagnose gluteal tendinopthy<ref name=":2">Grimaldi, Alison, et al. “[https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40279-015-0336-5 Gluteal Tendinopathy: A Review of Mechanisms, Assessment and Management].” ''Sports Medicine'', vol. 45, no. 8, 13 May 2015, pp. 1107–1119, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0336-5</nowiki>. | It is unclear whether one single test can be used isolatedly to accurately diagnose gluteal tendinopthy<ref name=":2">Grimaldi, Alison, et al. “[https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40279-015-0336-5 Gluteal Tendinopathy: A Review of Mechanisms, Assessment and Management].” ''Sports Medicine'', vol. 45, no. 8, 13 May 2015, pp. 1107–1119, <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0336-5</nowiki>. | ||
</ref>. Therefore, a combination of assessment tools, such as patient history, physical exam (e.g., palpation, FABER test, Ober's test | </ref>. Therefore, a combination of assessment tools, such as patient history, physical exam (e.g., palpation, [[FABER Test|FABER test]], [[Ober's Test|Ober's test]], [[Single Leg Stance Test|single leg stance]] etc) and imaging, is needed for comprehensive evaluation of the condition<ref name=":2" />. | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
Revision as of 13:35, 2 July 2023
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Description[edit | edit source]
FADER test stands for Flexion, Adduction, External Rotation test. This is a pain provacation test of the hip for assessing lateral hip pain for gluteal tendinopathy.
Clinically Relevant Anatomy[edit | edit source]
Gluteus medius[1]: It originates from the gluteal fossa, the gluteal aponeurosis and the postero-inferior iliac crest, and inserts onto the lateral aspect of the greater trochanter. It is responsible for abduction and internal rotation of the hip. It also acts as a stabiliser of the pelvis.
Gluteus minimus[1]: It originates from the ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines, and inserts onto the anterior aspect of the greater trochanter. It assists in hip abduction and internal rotation and stabilises the pelvis with gluteus medius.
More detailed information of the hip anatomy can be found here.
Purpose[edit | edit source]
The FADER test aims to provoke symptoms in a position that increases tensile and compressive stress of the tendons of the gluteal muscles, i.e., the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus[2]. The FADER-R test is performed to further increase tensile and compressive load by adding in the component of active internal rotation[2]. A positive test result suggests gluteal tendinopathy may be indicated.[2]
Technique[2][edit | edit source]
FADER:
- Patient lies in supine.
- Bring the hip into passive flexion to 90°.
- Then passively adduct and externally rotated the hip to end range.
Interpretation: Pain reproduction indicates a positive test result. The test can be continued on by adding resisted isometric internal rotation. This is called the FADER-R test.
FADER-R:
- Patient lies supine in the FABER's position.
- Patient isometrically resist against internal rotation.
Interpretation:Pain reproduction indicates a positive test result.
Evidence[edit | edit source]
Provide the evidence for this technique here
Clinical Relevance[edit | edit source]
It is unclear whether one single test can be used isolatedly to accurately diagnose gluteal tendinopthy[3]. Therefore, a combination of assessment tools, such as patient history, physical exam (e.g., palpation, FABER test, Ober's test, single leg stance etc) and imaging, is needed for comprehensive evaluation of the condition[3].
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Sunil Kumar, Karadi Hari, et al. “Pathogenesis and Contemporary Diagnoses for Lateral Hip Pain: A Scoping Review.” Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy, vol. 29, no. 8, 19 Dec. 2020, pp. 2408–2416, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-020-06354-1.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Grimaldi, Alison, et al. “Utility of Clinical Tests to Diagnose MRI-Confirmed Gluteal Tendinopathy in Patients Presenting with Lateral Hip Pain.” British Journal of Sports Medicine, vol. 51, no. 6, 15 Sept. 2016, pp. 519–524, https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2016-096175.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Grimaldi, Alison, et al. “Gluteal Tendinopathy: A Review of Mechanisms, Assessment and Management.” Sports Medicine, vol. 45, no. 8, 13 May 2015, pp. 1107–1119, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-015-0336-5.
