Digital Health: Difference between revisions

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[[File:DH.jpg|thumb|alt=|<ref><nowiki><a href="https://www.freepik.com/free-photo/female-doctor-with-smart-glasses-touching-virtual-screen-medical-technology_17122969.htm#query=digital%20health&position=3&from_view=keyword">Image by rawpixel.com</a></nowiki> on Freepik [accessed 4-1-2023]</ref>]]
[[File:DH.jpg|thumb|alt=|<ref><nowiki><a href="https://www.freepik.com/free-photo/female-doctor-with-smart-glasses-touching-virtual-screen-medical-technology_17122969.htm#query=digital%20health&position=3&from_view=keyword">Image by rawpixel.com</a></nowiki> on Freepik [accessed 4-1-2023]</ref>]]


== Digital Health  ==
== Introduction ==
Digital health (DH) has gained popularity in the recent post-pandemic years because of its ability to provide alternative ways of delivery of healthcare and health system functions. <ref name=":0" />  
Digital health (DH) has gained popularity in the recent post-pandemic years because of its ability to provide alternative ways of delivery of healthcare and health system functions. <ref name=":0" /> Health professionals see high potential for digitalisation of elements of their practice and are in favour of digital adaptation. <ref>Estel K., Scherer J., Dahl H., Wolber E., Forsat N., Back D. [https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-022-07931-5 Potential of digitalization within physiotherapy: a comparative survey.] BMC Health Services Research 2022; 22:496.</ref><ref>Wallcook S., Morris K. Supporting Digital Health and Digital Inclusion: An Occupational Therapy Perspective. Journal of Corporate Citizenship 2017;(68):82-94.</ref><ref>Dahl-popolizio S., Carpenter H., Coronado M., Popolizio N.,Swanson C. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7757642/ Telehealth for the Provision of Occupational Therapy: Reflections on Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic.] Int J Telerehabil. 2020; 12(2): 77–92.</ref>


DH refers to various healthcare aspects which involve <ref>FDA.What is Digital Health? 2020 Available online: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/digital-health-center-excellence/what-digital-health [accessed 4-1-2023]</ref>:  
== DH aspects ==
DH refers to various healthcare aspects which involve <ref>FDA.What is Digital Health? 2020 Available online: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/digital-health-center-excellence/what-digital-health [accessed 4-1-2023]</ref>:


- Health Information Technology (IT)
- Health Information Technology (IT)
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- Personalised medicine   
- Personalised medicine   
 
== Taxonomy ==
Health professionals see high potential for digitalisation of elements of their practice and are in favour of digital adaptation. <ref>Estel K., Scherer J., Dahl H., Wolber E., Forsat N., Back D. [https://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12913-022-07931-5 Potential of digitalization within physiotherapy: a comparative survey.] BMC Health Services Research 2022; 22:496.</ref><ref>Wallcook S., Morris K. Supporting Digital Health and Digital Inclusion: An Occupational Therapy Perspective. Journal of Corporate Citizenship 2017;(68):82-94.</ref><ref>Dahl-popolizio S., Carpenter H., Coronado M., Popolizio N.,Swanson C. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7757642/ Telehealth for the Provision of Occupational Therapy: Reflections on Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic.] Int J Telerehabil. 2020; 12(2): 77–92.</ref>
 
=== Taxonomy ===
Taxonomy for DH interactions may vary depending on different areas of technology and type of care. <ref>[https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/260480/WHO-RHR-18.06-eng.pdf Classification of Digital Health Interventions]. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2018. WHO/RHR/18.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. </ref> For clinical practice, Pronovost et al. 's taxonomy <ref>Pronovost P., Urwin J., Beck E., Coran J., Sundaramoorthy A., Schario M., Muisyo J., Sague J., Shea S., Runnels P.  [https://catalyst.nejm.org/doi/abs/10.1056/CAT.19.1064 Making a dent in the trillion-dollar problem: toward zero defects.] NEJM Catal Innovations Care Delivery 2021;2.</ref> dividing DH  into the following 3 categories of value seems to be most relevant:
Taxonomy for DH interactions may vary depending on different areas of technology and type of care. <ref>[https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/260480/WHO-RHR-18.06-eng.pdf Classification of Digital Health Interventions]. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2018. WHO/RHR/18.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. </ref> For clinical practice, Pronovost et al. 's taxonomy <ref>Pronovost P., Urwin J., Beck E., Coran J., Sundaramoorthy A., Schario M., Muisyo J., Sague J., Shea S., Runnels P.  [https://catalyst.nejm.org/doi/abs/10.1056/CAT.19.1064 Making a dent in the trillion-dollar problem: toward zero defects.] NEJM Catal Innovations Care Delivery 2021;2.</ref> dividing DH  into the following 3 categories of value seems to be most relevant:


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'''- Digital monitoring:''' sustaining the digital bond with patients on their care journey without direct interaction with them.  
'''- Digital monitoring:''' sustaining the digital bond with patients on their care journey without direct interaction with them.  
=== Advantages of DH in physiotherapy ===
== Advantages of DH in physiotherapy ==


* '''Expansion of preventive care''': more efficient use of predictive algorithms, improved genomics
* '''Expansion of preventive care''': more efficient use of predictive algorithms, improved genomics
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<ref>Digital Europe. [https://digital-europe-website-v1.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/uploads/2022/04/DIGITALEUROPE_A-DIGITAL-HEALTH-DECADE_DRIVING-INNOVATION-IN-EUROPE.pdf A digital health decade: driving innovation in Europe.] Available online: https://digital-europe-website-v1.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/uploads/2022/04/DIGITALEUROPE_A-DIGITAL-HEALTH-DECADE_DRIVING-INNOVATION-IN-EUROPE.pdf [accessed 19-12-2022]</ref>
<ref>Digital Europe. [https://digital-europe-website-v1.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/uploads/2022/04/DIGITALEUROPE_A-DIGITAL-HEALTH-DECADE_DRIVING-INNOVATION-IN-EUROPE.pdf A digital health decade: driving innovation in Europe.] Available online: https://digital-europe-website-v1.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/uploads/2022/04/DIGITALEUROPE_A-DIGITAL-HEALTH-DECADE_DRIVING-INNOVATION-IN-EUROPE.pdf [accessed 19-12-2022]</ref>


=== Digital Health Tools ===
== Digital Health Tools ==
- '''Synchronous communication''' (audio and video consultations)
- '''Synchronous communication''' (audio and video consultations)


Revision as of 21:01, 4 January 2023

[1]

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Digital health (DH) has gained popularity in the recent post-pandemic years because of its ability to provide alternative ways of delivery of healthcare and health system functions. [2] Health professionals see high potential for digitalisation of elements of their practice and are in favour of digital adaptation. [3][4][5]

DH aspects[edit | edit source]

DH refers to various healthcare aspects which involve [6]:

- Health Information Technology (IT)

- Mobile Health (mHealth)

- Wearable devices

- Telehealth / telemedicine

- Personalised medicine

Taxonomy[edit | edit source]

Taxonomy for DH interactions may vary depending on different areas of technology and type of care. [7] For clinical practice, Pronovost et al. 's taxonomy [8] dividing DH into the following 3 categories of value seems to be most relevant:

- Digital access: scheduling and access to a health system through online, virtual, or other digital means to gain admission to a health care system or provider.

- Digital healthcare delivery (telehealth): this refers to virtual patient visits, with interaction between healthcare provider and patient

- Digital monitoring: sustaining the digital bond with patients on their care journey without direct interaction with them.

Advantages of DH in physiotherapy[edit | edit source]

  • Expansion of preventive care: more efficient use of predictive algorithms, improved genomics
  • Personalised plans: development of tools that focus more on personal health needs
  • Integrated care: better interdisciplinary communication through electronic documentation, connectivity and inter-operability of systems and devices
  • Digitalisation and innovation: novel technologies that save human time and resources, opportunities for tailored simulations in education, decentralised research
  • Standardisation of practice: through digital tools that objectively measure, monitor and deliver [9]
  • Remote management: enabling accessibility and maximisation of efficiency of available resources [10][11]
  • Faster development of drugs and devices: using digital twins

[12]

Digital Health Tools[edit | edit source]

- Synchronous communication (audio and video consultations)

- Asychronous communication(electronic health records, clinical reports, chat)

-Remote patient monitoring (hardware medical devices, software, clinic alarmistic)

- Artificial intelligence(support to decision-making, diagnosis and follow-up)

- Operational support(booking systems, integrated operational tools between institutions, interoperable tools)

[2]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ <a href="https://www.freepik.com/free-photo/female-doctor-with-smart-glasses-touching-virtual-screen-medical-technology_17122969.htm#query=digital%20health&position=3&from_view=keyword">Image by rawpixel.com</a> on Freepik [accessed 4-1-2023]
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 D'Anza B, Pronovost PJ. Digital Health: Unlocking Value in a Post-Pandemic World. Popul Health Manag. 2022 Feb;25(1):11-22.
  3. ↑ Estel K., Scherer J., Dahl H., Wolber E., Forsat N., Back D. Potential of digitalization within physiotherapy: a comparative survey. BMC Health Services Research 2022; 22:496.
  4. ↑ Wallcook S., Morris K. Supporting Digital Health and Digital Inclusion: An Occupational Therapy Perspective. Journal of Corporate Citizenship 2017;(68):82-94.
  5. ↑ Dahl-popolizio S., Carpenter H., Coronado M., Popolizio N.,Swanson C. Telehealth for the Provision of Occupational Therapy: Reflections on Experiences During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Telerehabil. 2020; 12(2): 77–92.
  6. ↑ FDA.What is Digital Health? 2020 Available online: https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/digital-health-center-excellence/what-digital-health [accessed 4-1-2023]
  7. ↑ Classification of Digital Health Interventions. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2018. WHO/RHR/18.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  8. ↑ Pronovost P., Urwin J., Beck E., Coran J., Sundaramoorthy A., Schario M., Muisyo J., Sague J., Shea S., Runnels P. Making a dent in the trillion-dollar problem: toward zero defects. NEJM Catal Innovations Care Delivery 2021;2.
  9. ↑ Lamplot J., Pinnamaneni S., Swensen-Buza S., Lawton C., Dines J., Nawabi D., Young W., Rodeo S., Taylor S. The virtual shoulder and knee physical examination. Orthop J Sports Med. 2020;8(10):2325967120962869.
  10. ↑ Bossen D., Veenhof C., Van Beek K., Spreeuwenberg P., Dekker J., De Bakker D. Effectiveness of a web-based physical activity intervention in patients with knee and/or hip osteoarthritis: randomized controlled trial. J Med Internet Res. 2013;15(11):e257.
  11. ↑ Grona S., Bath B., Busch A., Rotter T., Trask C., Harrison E. Use of videoconferencing for physical therapy in people with musculoskeletal conditions: a systematic review. J Telemed Telecare. 2018;24(5):341–55.
  12. ↑ Digital Europe. A digital health decade: driving innovation in Europe. Available online: https://digital-europe-website-v1.s3.fr-par.scw.cloud/uploads/2022/04/DIGITALEUROPE_A-DIGITAL-HEALTH-DECADE_DRIVING-INNOVATION-IN-EUROPE.pdf [accessed 19-12-2022]
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