Foot and Ankle Assessment-Investigations and Tests: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 02:42, 8 January 2022
Original Editor - Rachael Lowe
Top Contributors - Ewa Jaraczewska, Admin, Kim Jackson, Lucinda hampton, Samuel Adedigba, Nikhil Benhur Abburi, Jess Bell, Shejza Mino, Rachael Lowe, Kai A. Sigel, Simisola Ajeyalemi, Khloud Shreif, Ahmed M Diab, Evan Thomas, Rucha Gadgil, Wanda van Niekerk and Pinar Kisacik
Purpose[edit | edit source]
Patients may present to the clinic with foot and ankle problems for a variety of reasons which may include pain, swelling, deformity, stiffness, instability and/or abnormal gait.[1]
Techniques[edit | edit source]
Investigations[edit | edit source]
- Radiological Considerations: any previous radiographs or other medical imagingscans?
- Other investigations: recent blood tests?
Special Tests[edit | edit source]
Functional Tests[edit | edit source]
- Small knee bend
- Sit to stand
- Squat
- Double heel raise
- Jump
- Single leg stand
- Single knee bend
- Single heel raise
- Hop
- Running
Special Tests[edit | edit source]
Special tests are utilized to prove or disprove the working hypothesis, as well as to identify dysfunctional structures/tissues. They include the following:
- Ottawa ankle rules (to determine if radiographs are indicated to rule out fracture)
- Ankle ligament stress tests
- Talar tilt test
- Anterior drawer of the ankle
- Eversion stress test
- Muscle tests (to assess functioning of the intrinsic & extrinsic muscles)
- Silfverskiöld test
- Squeeze test
- Windlass test
- Impingement sign ankle
- Navicular drop test
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Coughlin MJ, Saltzman CL, Anderson RB. Mann’s surgery of the foot and ankle. Amsterdam: Elsevier Saunders, 2014: 2186
- ↑ Kris Porter DPT. Movement Screen of the Lower Quarter. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6gkHR02rIM [last accessed 30/6/2021]
- ↑ Kate Cornet.Windlass Test. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZO0wREhjxH0&t=2s[last accessed 30/6/2021]
- ↑ Kate Cornet. Thompsons Test. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjwwWc1d5dg [last accessed 30/6/2021]
- ↑ Kate Cornet. Ankle Anterior Drawer. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hkrKU7MI93c [last accessed 30/6/2021]
- ↑ Kate Cornet.Talar Tilt. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSvjmMMNGf0[last accessed 30/6/2021]
- ↑ Kate Cornet. Squeeze Test. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANIUAmCt5t8[last accessed 30/6/2021]
- ↑ Kate Cornet.Mortons Test. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lyfLdQJ--PA [last accessed 30/6/2021]