Pulmonary Embolism: Difference between revisions
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This article or area is currently under construction and may only be partially complete. Please come back soon to see the finished work! ({{REVISIONDAY}}/{{REVISIONMONTH}}/{{REVISIONYEAR}}) | This article or area is currently under construction and may only be partially complete. Please come back soon to see the finished work! ({{REVISIONDAY}}/{{REVISIONMONTH}}/{{REVISIONYEAR}}) | ||
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== Clinically Relevant Anatomy | == Clinically Relevant Anatomy == | ||
add text here relating to '''''clinically relevant''''' anatomy of the condition<br> | add text here relating to '''''clinically relevant''''' anatomy of the condition<br> | ||
== Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process | == Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process == | ||
The initial cardiorepiratory state and size and number of emboli affects the severity of the of the change in pulmonary blood flow and respiration. a small blockage of the pulmonary artery may not be symptomatic but a large emboli can lead to several events which are deleterious the the individual. pulmonary embolism causes wasted ventilation as it increases the alveoli dead space thus resulting in ventilation perfusion mismatch. | |||
<br> | |||
== Clinical Presentation == | == Clinical Presentation == | ||
Pyrexia | |||
Dyspnea | |||
Pleuritic chest pain | |||
Cough with hemoptysis | |||
Tachycardia with rapid feeble pulse, arrhythmia | |||
Hypotension, lightheadedness, dizziness (occasionally induced | |||
by exercise only) | |||
Syncope | |||
Cyanosis | |||
== Diagnostic Procedures == | == Diagnostic Procedures == | ||
PE is difficult to diagnose clinically as only few cases show the triad of chest pain, dyspnoea and haemoptysis (Reed, 1996) and some are even umsymptomatic(Wood and Spiro, 2000) | |||
A test such as '''D-dimer and Doppler Ultrasound'''.to for thrombosis as 70% of patients with PE also has DVT (Edmondson, 1994). | |||
Chest X-ray may show a small pleural effusion or a peripheral wedge-shaped shadow indicating infarcted lung. | |||
Ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan and 50% accurate | |||
Pulmonary angiography | |||
Computed tomographic angiography (CTPA) which is a spiral CT with intravenous contrast medium is the best diagnostic tool as it is 90% conclusive. | |||
MRI is another option used if there fear of harm from other procedures especially in pregnant women.<br> | |||
== Outcome Measures == | == Outcome Measures == | ||
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add links to outcome measures here (see [[Outcome Measures|Outcome Measures Database]]) | add links to outcome measures here (see [[Outcome Measures|Outcome Measures Database]]) | ||
== Management / Interventions | == Management / Interventions == | ||
add text here relating to management approaches to the condition<br> | add text here relating to management approaches to the condition<br> | ||
== Differential Diagnosis | == Differential Diagnosis == | ||
add text here relating to the differential diagnosis of this condition<br> | add text here relating to the differential diagnosis of this condition<br> | ||
== Resources | == Resources == | ||
add appropriate resources here | add appropriate resources here | ||
Revision as of 13:02, 16 April 2019
Original Editor Uchechukwu Chukwuemeka
Top Contributors - Uchechukwu Chukwuemeka, Karen Wilson, Rachael Lowe, Kim Jackson and Lucinda hampton
This article or area is currently under construction and may only be partially complete. Please come back soon to see the finished work! (16/04/2019)
Clinically Relevant Anatomy[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to clinically relevant anatomy of the condition
Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process[edit | edit source]
The initial cardiorepiratory state and size and number of emboli affects the severity of the of the change in pulmonary blood flow and respiration. a small blockage of the pulmonary artery may not be symptomatic but a large emboli can lead to several events which are deleterious the the individual. pulmonary embolism causes wasted ventilation as it increases the alveoli dead space thus resulting in ventilation perfusion mismatch.
Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
Pyrexia
Dyspnea
Pleuritic chest pain
Cough with hemoptysis
Tachycardia with rapid feeble pulse, arrhythmia
Hypotension, lightheadedness, dizziness (occasionally induced
by exercise only)
Syncope
Cyanosis
Diagnostic Procedures[edit | edit source]
PE is difficult to diagnose clinically as only few cases show the triad of chest pain, dyspnoea and haemoptysis (Reed, 1996) and some are even umsymptomatic(Wood and Spiro, 2000)
A test such as D-dimer and Doppler Ultrasound.to for thrombosis as 70% of patients with PE also has DVT (Edmondson, 1994).
Chest X-ray may show a small pleural effusion or a peripheral wedge-shaped shadow indicating infarcted lung.
Ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan and 50% accurate
Pulmonary angiography
Computed tomographic angiography (CTPA) which is a spiral CT with intravenous contrast medium is the best diagnostic tool as it is 90% conclusive.
MRI is another option used if there fear of harm from other procedures especially in pregnant women.
Outcome Measures[edit | edit source]
add links to outcome measures here (see Outcome Measures Database)
Management / Interventions[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to management approaches to the condition
Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to the differential diagnosis of this condition
Resources[edit | edit source]
add appropriate resources here
