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| Windlass Test
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| Performance of the test
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| Non-weight bearing: With the patient sitting, the clinician performs forceful great toe extension while stabilizing the ankle.
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| Weight bearing: With the patient in a weight bearing position, the clinician performs forceful great toe extension.
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| Purpose of the test
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| The Windlass test is designed to detect presence of plantar fasciitis.
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| Positive test
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| A positive test is defined as reproduction of pain at the medical calcaneal tubercle.
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| Diagnostic properties
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| Non-weight bearing:
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| Sensitivity: 0.18 Specificity: 0.99 Positive likelihood ratio: 16.21 Negative likelihood ratio: 0.82
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| Weight bearing:
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| Sensitivity: 0.33 Specificity: 0.99 Positive Likelihood Ratio: 28.70 Negative Likelihood Ratio: 0.68
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| References
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| Brown C. A review of subcalcaneal heel pain and plantar fasciitis. Aust Fam Physician. 1996;25:875–885.
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| <br>De Garceau D, Dean D, Requejo SM, Thordarson DB. The association between diagnosis of plantar fasciitis and Windlass test results. Foot Ankle Int. 2003;24:251–255.
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