The Haines Zancolli Test
Original Editor - Matt Huey
Top Contributors - Matt Huey, Rachael Lowe and Vidya Acharya
Purpose
The Haines Zancolli test differentiates between tightness in the oblique retinacular ligament (ORL) versus a capsular contracture of proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP). This is due to the function of the ORL since it inserts on the proximal phalanx and digital sheath and ends on the extensor tendon. When the PIP joint is in extension, the ORL causes increased stress on the extensor tendon. This results in flexion of the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP), which, in turn, leads to flexion of the PIP joint.
Technique
There are 2 stages to performing this test
Stage 1
- Have the person's arm in a position to allow them to relax their hand
- The examiner holds the PIP joint in full extension
- Passively flex the DIP joint
If the DIP is able to flex, the test is negative. If the DIP cannot flex, it is either tightness on the ORL or the PIP joint capsule.
Stage 2
- The person is in the same position
- Now the examiner flexes the PIP joint to relax the ORL
- Then, passively flex the DIP joint
If the DIP is now able to flex, the ORL was tight, however, if the DIP cannot flex, the PIP joint capsule is tight
Evidence
Currently, there is no research on the validity, reliability, sensitivity, or specificity. It is accepted in literature as an acceptable test when examining the hand[1]. It has been found that if the test is positive, then conservative treatment will have a poor outcome compared to surgery[2].
References
- ↑ Giele, H., & Sammut, D. (2006). The Functional Anatomy And Assessment Of The Extensor Mechanism. The British Journal of Hand Therapy, 11(4), 104-110.
- ↑ Khoo, L. S., & Senna-Fernandes, V. (2015). Revisiting the Curtis procedure for boutonniere deformity correction. World Journal of Plastic Surgery, 4(2), 180.