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...e role of fear-avoidance beliefs in chronic low back pain and disability.] Pain. 1993 Feb 1;52(2):157-68.Available:https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8455963/ ...idance beliefs.<ref>Crombez, G., Vlaeyen, J. W., & Lysens, R. (1999). Pain-related fear and avoidance: A review of the literature. Clinical psychology review,

...impose a significant burden on individuals, organizations and society. The Workplace musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), in particular, are among the leading caus The WHO report highlighted that specific data relating to work-related musculoskeletal diseases in developing countries is unfortunately, lacking.

...ance. It is both pleased and proud to have led this project to develop the Pain section in Physiopedia.&nbsp; ...Education/CurriculumDetail.aspx?ItemNumber=2055 IASP Curriculum Outline on Pain for Physical Therapy].

...arly research, therefore, explored issues such as hazards, trends and work related ill-health.<ref name=":0" /> ...hrestha N, Kukkonen-Harjula KT,, Verbeek JH, Ijaz S, Hermans V, Pedisic Z. Workplace interventions for reducing sitting at work (Cochrane Review). Cochrane Data

Ergonomics is the study of people in their workplace and is the process in which workplaces, products and systems are designed o ...earn/neck-pain/ neck] and [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Low_Back_Pain back pain], and [https://www.physio-pedia.com/Carpal_Tunnel_Syndrome carpal tunnel sy

== What is Neck Pain? == ...he Global Burden of health 2010 Study as "pain in the neck with or without pain referred into one or both upper limbs that lasts for at least one day"<ref

...efficacy, and a weaker belief in one’s ability to perform or return to the workplace. In contrast, engaging in work life provides many benefits: improved mental ...mood), which may, in turn, affect their daily functioning, including work-related aspects.<ref name=":2" />

...ih.gov/pubmed/20227644 Costa-Black KM, Loisel P, Anema JR, Pransky G. Back pain and work. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 2010. 24(2): 227-40.]</ref> ...en W (2003). Occupational health guidelines for the management of low back pain: an international comparison. ''Occupational Environmental Medicine,'' 60

...overnment/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/817124/health-in-the-workplace-statistics.pdf. [Accessed 13 April 2020].</ref> There is evidence to sugges ...lyvholm MA, Holtermann A. Long-term sickness absence from combined factors related to physical work demands: prospective cohort study. Eur J Public Health. 20

..."strain" type injuries accounted for 22.3% of all lost time to the Ontario Workplace Safety and Insurance Board<ref name=":5" />. Acupuncture is commonly utilis Used as an antiemetic point especially during pregnancy and post-operative pain.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

...ras S, Blais R, Swaine B, Rossignol M. Management of work-related low back pain: a population-based survey of physical therapists. Phys Ther 2005;85(11):11 Work-related low back pain (WRLBP) is a major cause of work absenteeism and accounts for a high propor

...nd especially persistent pain.&nbsp;<ref>Griensven HV, Storng J, Unruh AM. Pain - A Textbook for Health Professionals. 2nd ed. Churchill Livingston, Elsevi ...supportive measures in place.&nbsp;<ref>Griensven HV, Storng J, Unruh AM. Pain - A Textbook for Health Professionals. 2nd ed. Churchill Livingston, Elsevi

...es of [[Work-Related Musculoskeletal Injuries and Prevention|injury in the workplace]]. ...lifting/ Lifting and handling material] Available from:https://ehs.unc.edu/workplace-safety/ergonomics/lifting/ (last accessed 13.9.2020)</ref>.

...rd G, Jun D, O’Leary S, Johnston V. Workplace-based interventions for neck pain in office workers: systematic review and meta-analysis. Physical therapy. 2 ...emphasizes the need for workplace interventions to reduce and prevent neck pain in office workers, as well as reduce costs and improve productivity.<ref na

...lace and deals with musculoskeletal disorders possibly associated with the workplace. Understanding the importance of physical ergonomics contributes to optimiz ...Syndrome|carpal tunnel syndrome,]] [[Office Ergonomics and Neck Pain|neck pain]], and/or shoulder stiffness.<ref>Samad, M. A. Ergonomics and the Preventio

...le completing work duties<ref>McLeod G, Murphy M, Henare T, Dlabik B. Work-related musculoskeletal injuries among Australian osteopaths: A preliminary investi ...eletal Disorders & Ergonomics | Workplace Health Strategies by Condition | Workplace Health Promotion | CDC [Internet]. Cdc.gov. 2020 [cited 26 April 2020]. Ava

...chke N, Kamper SJ, Maher CG. The epidemiology and economic consequences of pain. Mayo Clin Proc. 2015 Jan;90(1):139–47.</ref>. ...n of pain<ref name="Hecke 2013">Hecke O van, Torrance N, Smith BH. Chronic pain epidemiology and its clinical relevance. Br J Anaesth. 2013 Jan 7;111(1):13

...ww.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09638288.2021.1897886 Managing shoulder pain: a meta-ethnography exploring healthcare providers’ experiences]. Disabil ...n: measuring the prevalence and nature of verbal interruptions during back pain consultations, Journal of Communication in Healthcare. 2018;11:2:95-105.</r

* Workplace safety guidelines<ref name=":6">Zenbaba D, Sahiledengle B, Bonsa M, Tekaleg ...delines|Neck]] and [[Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI)|shoulder]] pain

...www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/5/1275/pdf Associated risk factors with low back pain in white-collar workers—A cross-sectional study]. Journal of Clinical Med ...1186/s12891-019-2826-3 Psychosocial areas of worklife and chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.] BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2019;20(