Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome: Difference between revisions
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The tarsal tunnel is a fibro-osseous tunnel formed by the flexor retinaclum behind and below the medial malleolus. It is through this tunnel that the distal posterior tibial nerve and its branches, which include the calcaneal nerve and the medial and lateral plantar nerves, pass through as the curve around the medial malleolus into the foot. The structures that pass through this tunnel (from anterior to posterior) include the tibialis posterior tendon, the flexor digitorum longus tendon, the posterior neurovasulcar bundle, and the flexor hallicus longus tendon. <br> | The tarsal tunnel is a fibro-osseous tunnel formed by the flexor retinaclum behind and below the medial malleolus. It is through this tunnel that the distal posterior tibial nerve and its branches, which include the calcaneal nerve and the medial and lateral plantar nerves, pass through as the curve around the medial malleolus into the foot. The structures that pass through this tunnel (from anterior to posterior) include the tibialis posterior tendon, the flexor digitorum longus tendon, the posterior neurovasulcar bundle, and the flexor hallicus longus tendon. <br> | ||
== Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process<br> | == Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process<br> == | ||
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome occurs when there is an entrapment neuropathy of the tibial nerve. This entrapment could be caused by trauma that would cause inflammation or bleeding, space occupying lesions, or foot deformity. Space occupying lesions include tumors, talocalcaneal coalition, ganglion cyst, or an accessory muscle and/or bone. Flatfoot deformity in particular is also another causitive factor. | |||
== Clinical Presentation == | == Clinical Presentation == | ||
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Clinically Relevant Anatomy
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The tarsal tunnel is a fibro-osseous tunnel formed by the flexor retinaclum behind and below the medial malleolus. It is through this tunnel that the distal posterior tibial nerve and its branches, which include the calcaneal nerve and the medial and lateral plantar nerves, pass through as the curve around the medial malleolus into the foot. The structures that pass through this tunnel (from anterior to posterior) include the tibialis posterior tendon, the flexor digitorum longus tendon, the posterior neurovasulcar bundle, and the flexor hallicus longus tendon.
Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process
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Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome occurs when there is an entrapment neuropathy of the tibial nerve. This entrapment could be caused by trauma that would cause inflammation or bleeding, space occupying lesions, or foot deformity. Space occupying lesions include tumors, talocalcaneal coalition, ganglion cyst, or an accessory muscle and/or bone. Flatfoot deformity in particular is also another causitive factor.
Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
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Management / Interventions
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Differential Diagnosis
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