#REDIRECT [[Thoracic Spine Fracture]]
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...cal Anatomy|cervical]] spine, thoracic spine and [[Lumbar Anatomy|lumbar]] spine to the sacrum. It connects the front (anterior) of the vertebral body to th
[[Category:Cervical Spine]]
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...muscles, which spinalis belong to, are the most powerful extensors of the spine.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />
...tebral]] spine and inserted into the bones of the upper thoracic vertebral spine.
3 KB (371 words) - 06:32, 4 February 2022
...]] or [[shoulder]] pain.<ref>Ghan GM, Babu VS. Immediate effect of cervico-thoracic mobilization on deep neck flexors strength in individuals with forward head
* Manipulation of the spine (MTS)can also be defined as a form of manual therapy that is used in an eff
4 KB (580 words) - 00:00, 14 February 2023
To assess for possible [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|Thoracic Outlet Syndrome]].<br>
...ully turn her head away from the side being tested and extend the cervical spine.
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Iliocostalis Thoracic (also know as iliocostalis dorsi) is the thoracic segment of the iliocostalis muscle.<ref name=":1">Roldan CJ, Huh BK. [https
...um's insertion.<ref name=":0">Cramer GD, Darby SA. Clinical anatomy of the spine, spinal cord, and ANS-e-book.</ref>
2 KB (296 words) - 02:37, 6 February 2022
...ed 30 November 2021]. Available from: https://www.wheelessonline.com/bones/spine/spinalis-cervicis/</ref>
'''Nerve Supply:''' Posterior rami of cervical and [[Thoracic Spinal Nerves|thoracic spinal nerves]] (C4 to T1). <ref name="wh" />
2 KB (309 words) - 06:55, 4 February 2022
Spinous processes of [[Thoracic Vertebrae|T2-T8]].<ref name=":1" />
Lateral branch of the posterior rami of [[Thoracic Spinal Nerves|spinal nerves]]<ref name=":1" />
2 KB (222 words) - 07:00, 4 February 2022
The tips of transverse process of all thoracic vertebrae and the lower 9 or 10 ribs between the tubercles and angles <ref
Dorsal rami of thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves (T7 to L5) <ref name="p3">http://www.anatomyexpert
2 KB (272 words) - 07:05, 5 February 2022
When testing the thoracic and lumbar spine strength a few differences are noted:
...or spine extension are different for the [[lumbar]] and [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] spines. Beginning at Grade 3, the tests for both spinal levels are combin
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It is thicker and broader in the lumbar than in the thoracic region, it merges to thoracolumbar fascia.<ref name=":0" />
...Cervical Spine]] [[Category:Cervical Spine - Anatomy]] [[Category:Cervical Spine - Ligaments]]
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...with the tendons and muscles, provides a natural brace to help protect the spine from injury.
== Thoracic Ligaments ==
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Test for presence of [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|thoracic outlet syndrome]].<br>
...http://www.nismat.org/patients/injury-evaluation-treatment/head-neck-back/thoracic-outlet-syndrome-more-than-just-a-pain-in-the-neck</ref>
3 KB (399 words) - 22:33, 16 February 2022
...ine rotation and lateral flexion combined motion in the examination of the thoracic outlet. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1990; 71: 343-344.</ref><ref>Lindgren KA, Lei
* The cervical spine is passively and maximally rotated away from the side being tested.
3 KB (403 words) - 17:25, 16 September 2023
...s in the axial skeleton. The first two laws solely apply to the lumbar and thoracic spinal regions, but the third applies to the entire vertebral column <
*When the spine is in neutral, sidebending to one side will be accompanied by horizontal ro
4 KB (562 words) - 20:13, 8 September 2019
...w.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1356689X09001416#aep-abstract-id9 Thoracic outlet syndrome part 1: clinical manifestations, differentiation and treatm
The pulse disappearance indicates a positive test result for thoracic outlet syndrome
2 KB (329 words) - 23:52, 31 January 2021
...d intrinsic [[Back Muscles|back muscles]] of the thoracolumbar region. The thoracic nerves also supply some of the areas of skin over the abdomen and axilla.
...ilable:https://www.marylandbackandneckpaindoctors.com/symptoms-of-thoracic-spine-nerve-damage/ (accessed 7,2,2022)</ref>.
6 KB (958 words) - 18:59, 8 March 2024
...ion, when both splenius cervicis muscles contract they extend the cervical spine. <ref name=":0">Palastanga, N., & Soames, R. (2012). Anatomy and human move
...tid artery. Dorsal branches of the posterior intercostal arteries from the thoracic aorta. <ref name=":1">Kenhub. 2021. ''Splenius cervicis muscle''. [online]
2 KB (257 words) - 12:45, 26 November 2021
...icial of the transversospinalis muscle group. Its attachment sites are the thoracic vertebrae (semispinalis thoracis), cervical vertebrae ([[Semispinalis Cervi
...pans the whole length of the vertebral column, it is most developed in the thoracic region. It consists of 2 part long and short rotatores.
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...nostic tool used in the identification of [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)]]. It is also known as the “elevated arm stress tes
Please refer to the [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)]] page.
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These joints run from the first thoracic vertebra (T1) to the tenth thoracic vertebra (T10) and are surrounded by a weak articular capsule. This thin ca
...ons: a comprehensive review with application to approaches to the thoracic spine]. Cureus. 2016 Nov 11;8(11).</ref>
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Thoracic back pain is more likely to be caused by serious underlying pathology than
* Thoracic spine pain often has a musculoskeletal origin related to poor posture or overuse
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...es</ref> Often penetrated by the dorsal scapular<ref name=":0" /> and long thoracic nerves<ref name=":1">Bordoni B, Varacallo M. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
...s in the ipsilateral upper limb<ref name=":1" />. Please see the page on [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|TOS]] for more information regarding this syndrome.
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...vertebrae. There are two psoas minors, if present, one on each side of the spine.
[[Category:Thoracic Spine]]
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* Longissimus thoracis (thoracic part): L1-L5 spinous and transverse processes, sacral posterior surface an
* Longissimus thoracis (thoracic part): T1-T12 transverse processes and the angles of ribs 7-12
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...ces the spine at end of [[Range of Motion|range of motion]] and leaves the spine prone to acute and chronic injuries.
...1 Lower Back Injury Prevention and Sensitization of Hip Hinge with Neutral Spine Using Wearable Sensors during Lifting Exercises.] Sensors. 2021 Aug 14;21(1
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In the [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]] and thoracic regions it has a uniform width over the bodies and discs, but in the [[Lumb
...his is significant in understanding certain pathological conditions of the spine such as the typical location for a spinal disc herniation.
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=== Head & Cervical Spine ===
*[[Surgical & Post‐op Management of Cervical Spine Stenosis|Surgical & Post-op Management of Cervical Spinal Stenosis]]
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...nts with elbow pain may benefit from treatment directed at the cervical or thoracic spines, and/or wrist.
*Prior to performing interventions directed at the spine, appropriate examination and safety screens should be performed.
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...ge P. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19563667?dopt=Abstract Thoracic spine pain in the general population: prevalence, incidence and associated factor
...broad because of many factors eg the different definitions and duration of thoracic back pain included.
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{{DISPLAYTITLE:Thoracic Manipulation for Shoulder Dysfunction}}
...queira-Junior AL, Ribeiro IL, Camargo PR. Scapular kinematics pre–and post–thoracic thrust manipulation in individuals with and without shoulder impingement sy
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...ch provide cushioning between the vertebrae and absorb pressure put on the spine. It is a nearly universal condition in those who reach advanced age, but it
=== Types of Spondylosis in spine ===
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...olumn inferior to the 6th cervical (C6) vertebra and superior to the first thoracic (T1) <ref name=":0" />.
...al and thoracic regions, the C7 has some features of both the cervical and thoracic vertebrae.
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...nature<ref>Nikolai Bogduk. Clinical and Radiological Anatomy of the Lumbar Spine 5th Edition.Churchill Livingstone: Elsevier. Feb 2012.</ref><ref name=":0"
...egion, the ligaments are thin, but broad and long; they are thicker in the thoracic region, and thickest in the lumbar region.
7 KB (1,004 words) - 12:25, 24 July 2023
...ing test is an orthopaedic test used to diagnose facet joint injury in the spine especially in the lumbar and cervical region.<br>
...y with the thumbs over the spinous or transverse processes of the thoracic spine on both sides. The clinician looks for pain or hypomobility /hypermobility
2 KB (302 words) - 19:47, 30 March 2021
The ribs are the bony framework of the thoracic cavity.
...he main structure of the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] cage protecting the thoracic organs, however their main function is to aid [[Breathing Pattern Disorders
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...muscle group is a very deep layer of muscles located on either side of the spine.
# Semispinalis cervicis muscle - fascicles cover the cervical and thoracic [[Lumbar Multifidus|multifidus]] muscles
4 KB (496 words) - 10:17, 14 July 2023
...eir corresponding [[Thoracic Vertebrae|thoracic vertebrae]], enclosing the thoracic cage from the posterior side.[[File:Gray312.png|Costovertebral articulation
...with the load-bearing, protection, posture and scaffolding roles that the thoracic cage provides with their stabilization properties .
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Not attached to the thoracic spine, but an important group of muscles in this region is the Intercostal Group
...mentum nuchae of the neck, to the spinous processes of C7 and the thoracic spine down to T12. It connects the shoulder blade with the vertebral column and a
9 KB (1,326 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
...o a compressed nerve root in the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic area]] of the spine. This is the least common location for radiculopathy. The symptoms often fo
* The pinched nerve can occur at different areas along the thoracic spine
10 KB (1,299 words) - 12:41, 25 April 2020
...bending range involves pelvic, [[hip]], [[Thoracic Spine Fracture|thoracic spine]], dural and shoulder mobility</u>. However pure lumbar flexion active ROM
...lexion and true lumbar flexion measured by a dual inclinometer technique]. Spine. 1994 Dec;19(23):2698-701. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub
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...Thoracis|spinalis thoracis]] lying inferiorly in the cervical and thoracic spine. It is not a truly separate muscle, when it exists it consists of occasiona
Bilaterally extends the cervical spine and head.
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...lateral facet joints transfer loads and guide and constrain motions in the spine due to their geometry and mechanical function<ref>Nicolas V. Jaumard, Willi
...superior facet of the inferior vertebra is rather flat in the cervical and thoracic regions and more convex in the lumbar region. The opposing inferior facet o
9 KB (1,284 words) - 12:22, 29 January 2020
...n the superior [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]] spine and the inferior lumbar spine. It consists of 12 vertebrae that are distinct in shape and function from v
The bodies of the thoracic vertebrae are medium sized and heart shaped. They are all weight-bearing an
13 KB (1,793 words) - 12:44, 27 May 2023
...ight showing [[Low Back Pain Related to Hyperlordosis|hyperlordosis lumber spine]]. This postural change is associated with increased activity of the rectus
.... thoracic kyphosis extended to the upper part of the lumbar spine (longer thoracic kyphosis is observed) 3. apparently shorter lumbar lordosis 4. normal or sl
8 KB (1,044 words) - 14:03, 21 May 2020
...e lateral branches of the posterior primary divisions (dorsal rami) of the thoracic spinal nerves.
...he lower cervical region and is innervated by the dorsal rami of the upper thoracic and lower cervical spinal nerves.
5 KB (736 words) - 02:32, 6 February 2022
...f each vertebra. These muscles are vital for allowing free movement of the spine.[[Image:250px-Iliostalis.png|Iliocostalis lumborum bottom R, iliocostalis d
...nts Iliocostalis Lumborum Available: https://www.rehabmypatient.com/lumbar-spine/iliocostalis-lumborum (accessed 1.12.2021)</ref>
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[[File:Sagittal section of the cervical spine Primal.png|right|frameless|400x400px]]
...sixth [[ribs]].<ref name=":1">Cramer GD, Darby SA. Clinical anatomy of the spine, spinal cord, and ANS-e-book.</ref>
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...m/Low_Back_Pain Low Back Pain] through interventions aimed at the thoracic spine and the hip joints.
Interventions directed at the [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Thoracic Thoracic Spine] and the [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Hip Hip Joints] have been found to be
8 KB (1,132 words) - 12:03, 2 August 2021
...ation mobility is an important part in examination in people with cervical spine disorders and it is especially useful for the diagnosis of [[Cervicogenic H
...1-C2 motion segment. Which can be painful for patients with lower cervical spine pain and dysfunction.<ref name=":0" />
3 KB (496 words) - 11:18, 16 February 2022
...ure (FHP), defined as the forward displacement of the head on the cervical spine, has been commonly associated with neck pain.<ref>Ghamkhar L, Kahlaee AH. [
* Stiff upper thoracic spine or rounded upper spine causing cervical spine to hyperextend to see ahead.
8 KB (1,232 words) - 16:23, 13 November 2021
...t to Wall Distance is a routine clinical test for [[Thoracic Hyperkyphosis|thoracic kyphosis]] and [[Cervical Examination|cervical]] mobility. It is also known
The OWD may be abnormal in kyphosis (forward curvature of the upper thoracic spine) due<ref name=":1" />
7 KB (1,025 words) - 01:29, 27 January 2023
Adson's test is a provocative test for [[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|Thoracic Outlet Syndrome]] accompanied by compression of the subclavian artery by a
...Ak&scisig=AAGBfm3Xykmd5qxt1OlNHZ--9PcI-YSzTA Provocative tests in cervical spine examination: historical basis and scientific analyses]". Pain Physician 6 (
9 KB (1,284 words) - 08:27, 10 February 2022
...The C1-C2 motion segment accounts for 50% of the rotation in the cervical spine.<ref name="Hall 2008">Hall TM, Robinson KW, AkasakaK. Intertester Reliabili
In this test procedure, the cervical spine is fully flexed, in an attempt to isolate movement to C1-C2, which has an u
6 KB (866 words) - 19:26, 31 January 2021
...f> The ribs form the main structure of the thoracic cage that protects the thoracic organs. There are 12 pairs of ribs which are separated by intercostal spac
* The only rib that articulates with one thoracic vertebra only (T1).<ref name=":2" />
9 KB (1,331 words) - 07:29, 19 March 2024
...portion arises from the front of the bodies of the first two or three thoracic vertebræ
Vertical portion arises from the front of the bodies of the upper three thoracic and lower three cervical vertebræ
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...hold in common the analysis of movement in the body and its effect on the spine. <ref>Functional Soft Tissue Examination and Treatment by Manual Metho
*Correction of postural discrepancies, which is a critical factor as the spine is the principle support for the organic systems, the limbs, muscles, and s
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...[[trapezius]] to form parallel bands that pass inferolaterally from the [[Thoracic Vertebrae|vertebrae]] to the medial border of the [[scapula]]. Rhomboi
...1 vertebra. It inserts at the scapula's medial border near the base of the spine of the scapula.
10 KB (1,387 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
...lude:<ref name=":0">Bell-Jenje T. Assessment and Treatment of the Thoracic Spine Course. Plus , 2021.</ref>
...ning and Pathologies of the Thoracic Spine|masquerade]] as musculoskeletal thoracic pain
15 KB (2,131 words) - 11:47, 28 March 2024
...t is anterior [[Pelvic Tilt|pelvic tilt]]. This alters the position of the spine resulting in a [[Low Back Pain Related to Hyperlordosis|hyperlordosis]], wh
...s Back|Cyclists]] may develop a [[Thoracic Hyperkyphosis|kyphotic thoracic spine]].
7 KB (1,078 words) - 10:24, 20 December 2023
..., Lee RY. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15883576/ Measurement of lumbar spine loads and motions during rotational mobilization.] Journal of manipulative
[[Category:Lumbar Spine]]
3 KB (487 words) - 15:59, 29 October 2020
== Canine Spine ==
...uns from the base of the head to the end of the tail.<ref>Cuteness. Canine Spine Anatomy.(Accessed on 2021/03/06). Available from https://www.cuteness.com/a
17 KB (2,488 words) - 06:40, 17 October 2022
[[Category:Thoracic Spine]]
The [[Thoracic Anatomy|thorax]] is an area of the spine that has, historically, been under-explored. It can, however, be a silent c
15 KB (2,158 words) - 16:17, 13 January 2023
...ge/pain response assessment in the management of symptomatic lumbar discs. Spine J. 2003 Mar-Apr;3(2):146-54. doi: 10.1016/s1529-9430(02)00565-x. PMID: 1458
...Kenzie Approach]]) for the treatment of derangement classifications of the spine.
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...different types of spinal disorders ranging from low back pain to complex spine trauma and deformity.
* To reduce the loading of the spine e.g in the management of unstable fracture.
3 KB (411 words) - 09:10, 29 July 2021
...ning more or less vertically throughout the [[lumbar]], [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] and [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]] regions. It lies in the groove to the s
...ed 30 November 2021]. Available from: https://www.wheelessonline.com/bones/spine/spinalis-cervicis/</ref> <ref name=":14">Radiopedia Erector Spinae Availabl
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[[File:SPINE ANATOMY.jpg|thumb]]
...t can no longer support the weight of the body through that segment of the spine.
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Span the whole length of the vertebral column, being most developed in the thoracic region. It consists of 2 part long and short rotatores.
* First pair is between [[Thoracic Vertebrae|T]]1 and T2, and the last is between T11 and T12. The first or la
6 KB (794 words) - 10:17, 14 July 2023
...bone. It is a congenital overdevelopment of transverse process of cervical spine vertebra<ref>Fliegel BE, Menezes RG. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NB
...ent. Available from https://patient.info/bones-joints-muscles/cervical-rib-thoracic-outlet-syndrome [last accessed 05/11/2020]]</ref> because of pressure on th
8 KB (1,140 words) - 19:02, 8 March 2024
...client’s chest pain, upper back pain, shoulder pain, radiating arm pain or thoracic outlet syndrome, wrist pain, and hand pain complaints.
*[[Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS)|Thoracic outlet syndrome]]
9 KB (1,366 words) - 21:58, 21 March 2023
...]]This page outlines some Manual Techniques and Exercises for the Thoracic Spine.
...ater stages of life. Additionally, reduced ROM or strength in the thoracic spine will affect the entire kinetic chain.
15 KB (2,157 words) - 06:08, 19 April 2024
...https://www.physioadvisor.com.au/health/anatomy/ligaments/ligaments-of-the-spine/ (accessed 29 March 2019).
</ref> The ligaments are narrow and elongated in the thoracic region, broader, thicker, and quadrilateral in form in the lumbar region, a
4 KB (628 words) - 14:00, 2 April 2019
...lynn.+Staying+out+of+trouble+in+pediatric+orthopaedics.+Examination+of+the+spine.+Philadelphia,+2006.+P20-21.+Level+of+evidence:+D&ots=d_mu8QW6Af&sig=6ixw9s
...r [[Leg Length Discrepancy|limb length discrepancy]]. The [[Lumbar Anatomy|spine]] needs to be visible. The patient bends forward at the waist until the bac
8 KB (1,177 words) - 23:14, 26 January 2023
...ed [[bone]] placed on the postero-lateral aspect of the [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] cage. It has 2 surfaces, 3 borders, 3 angles and 3 processes<ref>The Skel
...s divided into a supraspinous fossa and infraspinous fossa by the scapular spine. Anteriorly, on the costal surface, is the shallow subscapular fossa
11 KB (1,564 words) - 13:34, 26 August 2023
...that minimal force should be applied to any structure within the cervical spine i.e. low amplitude, short lever thrusts.
*The patient response to all cervical spine movements, including cervical manipulation interventions is continuously mo
10 KB (1,439 words) - 21:17, 14 April 2021
This guide gives a general overview of the anatomy of the thoracic spine. It also includes some facts regarding pathophysiology in this region.
The sagittal plane alignment of the Thoracic spine is on average 35% (normal range is 20° to 50°).<ref name=":2" />
20 KB (2,892 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
...s. The Posterior Chain refers to the structures at the back of the leg and spine. The main muscles that make up the Posterior Chain are the [[Gastrocnemius|
...of chronic low back pain with lumbar extensor strengthening exercises. The Spine Journal. 2008 Feb 29;8(1):96-113.</ref> highlighted this as a way to exerci
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[[File:Osteoarthritic Spine (48605563867).png|right|frameless|alt=|476x476px]]
...and intervertebral disc degeneration: Quite different, quite similar.] JOR spine. 2018 Dec;1(4):e1033.Available:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PM
10 KB (1,357 words) - 03:28, 3 September 2023
...at cover the [[Back Muscles|back muscles]] in the lower [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] and lumbar area before passing through these muscles to attach to the [[s
..., [[spasticity]] and increased tone in the lower thoracic spine and lumbar spine / paraspinal regions causing severe [[Pain Behaviours|pain]]<nowiki/>s. <re
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...ck, being anatomically able to control segmental movements of the cervical spine in concert with the [[Cervical Deep Neck Flexors|deep cervical flexors.]]<r
...mbar Multifidus|Multifidus]] - which acts as a segmental stabiliser as the spine moves. It is thought that the unique design of the multifidus endows it wit
7 KB (1,075 words) - 10:17, 14 July 2023
...ams for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis: a randomized clinical trial. Spine. 2006;31:2541-2549.</ref><ref>Reiman MP, Weisbach PC, Glynn PE. The hips in
2. Interventions aimed at the lumbar spine have been used to treat:
7 KB (1,039 words) - 06:10, 22 March 2018
...ements in pain and disability following the application of cervicothoracic spine thrust and nonthrust manipulation. <ref name="Mintken">Mintken PE, Cleland
...manual therapy techniques were supplemented with two general cervical and thoracic mobility exercises. The participants performed these exercises, 10 repetiti
6 KB (694 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
...icle/abs/pii/S1360859219302207 Physiotherapist survey: Increasing thoracic spine movement within the management of chronic subacromial impingement syndrome]
...t tissue compliance). In this scenario, the aim of treatment is to improve thoracic extension, especially during the identified provocative activity or activit
7 KB (1,027 words) - 15:02, 1 December 2022
...sal in humans - towards the back, dorsal in animals = directed towards the spine
* Front limb - the thoracic or pectoral limb
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==Spine==
...ass="col-xs-12 col-md-6 col-lg-4">[[Image:Sagittal section of the cervical spine Primal.png|200px|center]]<br>
21 KB (3,064 words) - 18:47, 14 June 2021
[[File:Latissimus+Dorsi+Origin+Spinous+processes+of+inferior+6+thoracic+vertebrae,+thoracolumbar+fascia,+iliac+crest,+and+inferior+3+or+4+ribs..jpg
...s a broad, flat muscle that occupies the majority of the lower posterior [[Thoracic Anatomy|thorax]]. The muscle's primary function is of the upper extremity b
11 KB (1,607 words) - 10:02, 2 April 2024
It was noticed that during crawling on all fours, at a certain moment, the spine gets exposed to a mobilizing, exercising and corrective influence, so he es
...leads to a muscle imbalance in the body leading to negative effects on the spine and leading to impairments of the same.
6 KB (868 words) - 13:58, 4 April 2024
Innervation of the QL is via the twelfth [[Thoracic Spinal Nerves|thoracic nerve]] and the spinal rami of the lumbar [[Spinal Nerves|spinal nerves]].
...texts describe the quadratus lumborum muscle as an extensor of the lumbar spine, a [[Lumbar Instability|stabilizer of the lumbar]] area, capable of [[Pelvi
7 KB (1,060 words) - 10:17, 14 July 2023
...nerves Available: https://musculoskeletalkey.com/nerves-innervation-of-the-spine/<nowiki/>(accessed 6.2.2022)</ref>
...ht [[Cervical Anatomy|cervical]] spinal nerve pairs, 12 [[Thoracic Anatomy|thoracic]] pairs , five [[lumbar]] pairs, five [[Sacrum|sacral]] pairs, and one cocc
6 KB (862 words) - 19:00, 8 March 2024
...of the extremities and SNAGS (sustained natural apophyseal glides) of the spine were first coined by Brian R. Mulligan <ref>Mulligan, BR: Manual Therapy �
...t if a headache stops with a manual technique involving the upper cervical spine then, this must be diagnostically significant as to the site of the lesion
10 KB (1,553 words) - 21:19, 17 October 2020
.... Manual Therapy 2009;14 (1), 52–60.</ref>. In the [[Lumbar Anatomy|lumbar spine]] this approach is now well established. In the management of non-specific
...(2),181–191.</ref><ref name=":1" />.Changes in the alignment of the lumbar spine have been noted in subjects with flexion-related lumbar pain<ref name=":1"
14 KB (2,141 words) - 18:21, 13 July 2021
...unction, flexibility, range of motion and angle of the thoracic and lumbar spine.] ''Fisioterapia e Pesquisa'', ''23''(4), pp.394-401. Available from: htt
...d flags]], [[Spinal Masqueraders|spinal masqueraders]], suspected [[Lumbar Spine Fracture|spinal fracture]] be sure to liaise with appropriate medics and in
10 KB (1,440 words) - 16:23, 13 November 2021
...ain/causes-intercostal-muscle-strain Causes of Intercostal Muscle Strain]. Spine-health. October 2017</ref>
...-symptoms-and-diagnosis Intercostal Muscle Strain Symptoms and Diagnosis]. Spine-health.</ref>
9 KB (1,391 words) - 16:28, 16 March 2023
...ted to the particular orientation, structure, and function of the thoracic spine in the vertebral column.
...weight of the of the axial skeleton as compared to the thoracic and sacral spine.
18 KB (2,502 words) - 12:30, 17 October 2023
...ion (whilst paddling) increases the demands on the structures of the upper spine and associated soft tissues.
...nsion in the thoracic, increasing the demands of extension on the cervical spine.
12 KB (1,756 words) - 22:38, 15 June 2020
...ine, sitting or standing position. The examiner palpated the participant’s spine (approximately T9-T10 spinous process) with the thumbs and hands resting ov
...bit visible lateral rib expansion and no visible superior migration of the thoracic cage.<ref name=":0" />
2 KB (261 words) - 01:53, 10 May 2023
...n this line include: rounded shoulders / [[Thoracic Hyperkyphosis|kyphotic spine]] (i.e. office workers) with hypomobility, neck pain and [[Headache|headach
# [[Thoracic Vertebrae|Thoracic spinous process]]
7 KB (964 words) - 18:21, 13 January 2023
# Intermediate: attached to the posterior [[Thoracic Anatomy|thorax]]
...he back. Unilaterally they assist with lateral bending and rotation of the spine<ref name=":0" />.
8 KB (1,054 words) - 13:28, 9 April 2024
...:e0222822.</ref> However, it is often difficult to distinguish whether the spine or limb is the primary cause of lameness in a horse as spinal problems are
...ical assessment. This page will discuss assessments specific to the equine spine that are not discussed in detail in the [[Objective Assessment of the Equin
17 KB (2,705 words) - 11:32, 18 August 2022
...ct of the scapula, between the superior angle and the root of the scapular spine. Its function is to assist with various neck, arm and shoulder movements su
...ah Falla, James M. Elliott, Gwendolen Jull. Muscle Dysfunction in Cervical Spine Pain: Implications for Assessment and Management. Journal of Orthopaedic &a
8 KB (1,237 words) - 16:55, 9 December 2020
