Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Disease
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Definition (cited from WHO) [1]
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Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels and include:
• coronary heart disease: disease of the blood vessels supplying the heart muscle;
• cerebrovascular disease: disease of the blood vessels supplying the brain;
• peripheral arterial disease: disease of blood vessels supplying the arms and legs;
• rheumatic heart disease: damage to the heart muscle and heart valves from rheumatic fever, caused by streptococcal bacteria;
• congenital heart disease: malformations of heart structure existing at birth;
• deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism: blood clots in the leg veins, which can dislodge and move to the heart and lungs.
Heart attacks and strokes are usually acute events and are mainly caused by a blockage that prevents blood from flowing to the heart or brain. The most common reason is a build-up of fatty deposits on the inner walls of the blood vessels. Strokes can be caused by bleeding from a blood vessel in the brain or by blood clots.
Physical Activity Effects on Cardiovascular Diseases
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The benefits of exercise with 1000kcal per week in secondary prevention decreases the all cause mortality around 20-30% [2] Physical activity improves systolic blood pressure, angina symptoms and exercise tolerance in patients without revascularization [3]. For patients with revascularization physical activity improves quality of lives and exercise tolerance, as well as 29% of cardiac events and around 20% lower re-admission rates[4].
Symptoms of Cardiovascular Events cited from (5)[edit | edit source]
Chest discomfort (pressure, squeezing, fullness, pain) Discomfort in one or both arms, back, jaw or stomach Shortness of breath Cold sweat, nausea, lightheadness
References[edit | edit source]
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- ↑ . http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/noncommunicable-diseases/cardiovascular-diseases/cardiovascular-diseases2/definition-of-cardiovascular-diseases [Accessed 2/25/2017].
- ↑ : Physical activity and all-cause mortality—What is the dose response relation? Med. Sci Sports exerc33(6Suppl):S459,2001.
- ↑ Effects of exercise on coronary endoothelial function in patients wwith coronary artery disease. Am J Cadriol 90:124, 2002.
- ↑ Exercise training intervention after coronary angioplasty: The ETICA trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 37:1891, 2001.
