Oxygen Therapy
Original Editor - Your name will be added here if you created the original content for this page.
Top Contributors - Uchechukwu Chukwuemeka, Kim Jackson, Joseph Ayotunde Aderonmu, George Prudden, Rachael Lowe, Laura Ritchie, Karen Wilson, Claire Knott, Lucinda hampton and Carina Therese Magtibay
Description
[edit | edit source]
add text here to describe the intervention here
Indication
[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to the indication for the intervention
Risks Of Oxygen Therapy[edit | edit source]
1. Depression of ventilation:
It is seen in COPD patients with chronic CO2 retention who have hypoxic respiratory drive to breath[1]. Increased arterial tension to normal can lose the hypercapnoeic stimulus to maintain ventilation resulting in hypoventilation in these patients[2].
2. Hyperbaric oxygen toxicity:
Long term hyperbaric O2 therapy can lead to pulmonary, optic and central nervous system toxicity[3].
3. Fire hazard:
Oxygen supports combustion of other fuels. Least level of supplemental oxygen (FIO2 greater than the 21% oxygen in ambient air) should be administratered during laser bronchoscopy to avoid intratracheal ignition[4].
4. Absorption atelectasis:
Given only pure oxygen results in the collapse of the dependent part of the lungs as it quickly taken up from the alveoli. It is also a risk in general anaesthesia induction[5]
5. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP):
It usually occur in low birth weight, very premature infant. That is why in preterm infants, 50-80 mmHg PaO2 is recommended in infants receiving oxygen[6]
6. Bacterial contamination associated with certain nebulization and humidification systems is a possible hazard[7].
7. Oxygen therapy is contrindicated in patients suffering from paraquat poisoning[8]
8. Pulmonary toxicity:
Patients exposed to high oxygen levels for a prolonged period of time have lung damage[9]. The extent of lung damage is dependent on FiO2 and duration of exposure. It is due to intracellular free radicals (such as superoxide, activated hydroxyl ions, singlet O2 and hydrogen peroxide) formed which can damage alveolar-capillary membrane. It starts with increased permeability of the capillaries with resultant edema, thickened membranes and finally to pulmonary fibrosis.
Care should be taken in the use of oxygen in patients receiving bleomycin or have previously used it[10].
Resources[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Kim, V, Benditt, JO, Wise, RA, Sharafkhaneh, A. Oxygen therapy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society, 2008; 5(4):513-8. Doi: 10.1513/pats.200708-124ET.
- ↑ Ergan, B, Nava, S. Long-Term Oxygen Therapy in COPD Patients Who Do Not Meet the Actual Recommendations. COPD, 2017;14(3):351-366. doi: 10.1080/15412555.2017.1319918.
- ↑ Heyboer, M, Sharma, D, Santiago, W, McCulloch, N. Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy: Side Effects Defined and Quantified. Advances in Wound Care, 2017; 6(6): 210–224. doi: 10.1089/wound.2016.0718
- ↑ Millette, BH, Athanassoglou, V, Patel, A. High flow nasal oxygen therapy in adult anaesthesia. Trends in Anaesthesia and Critical Care, 2018; 18: 29-33
- ↑ Hedenstierna, G, Rothen, HU. Atelectasis formation during anesthesia: causes and measures to prevent it. Jornal of clinical medicine and computing, 2000; 16(5-6):329-35.
- ↑ Saugstad, OD. Oxygenation of the Immature Infant: A Commentary and Recommendations for Oxygen Saturation Targets and Alarm Limits. Neonatology, 2018;114:69–75.DOI: 10.1159/000486751
- ↑ La Fauci, V, Costa, GB, Facciolà, A, Conti, A, Riso, R, Squeri, R. Humidifiers for oxygen therapy: what risk for reusable and disposable devices? Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, 2017; 58: E161-E165
- ↑ Gawarammana, IB, Buckley, NA. Medical management of paraquat ingestion. British Journal of clinical pharmacology, 2011; 72(5): 745–757. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2011.04026.x
- ↑ Mach, WJ, Thimmesch, AR, Pierce, JT, Pierce, JD. Consequences of Hyperoxia and the Toxicity of Oxygen in the Lung. Nursing Research and Practice, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/260482
- ↑ Debnath, J. Supplemental oxygen therapy in bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity: REPLY. Medical Journal, Armed forces India, 2011; 67(2): 194–195. doi: 10.1016/S0377-1237(11)60037-3
