Open Chain Exercise: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
The [[Kinetic Chain|Kinetic Chain]] is a way of describing human movement and it can either be an open kinetic chain or a [[Closed Chain Exercise|closed kinetic chain]]. An open kinetic chain is defined as “a combination of successively arranged joints in which the terminal segments can move freely” Thus an open chain movement is when the peripheral segment/joint of an extremity is free to move. <ref name="9">Ellenbecker TS, Davies GJ. Closed kinetic chain exercise: a comprehensive guide to multiple joint exercise. Human Kinetics; 2001. Available From:</ref><br><br> | The [[Kinetic Chain|Kinetic Chain]] is a way of describing human movement and it can either be an open kinetic chain or a [[Closed Chain Exercise|closed kinetic chain]]. An open kinetic chain is defined as “a combination of successively arranged joints in which the terminal segments can move freely”. Thus, an open chain movement is when the peripheral segment/joint of an extremity is free to move. <ref name="9">Ellenbecker TS, Davies GJ. Closed kinetic chain exercise: a comprehensive guide to multiple joint exercise. Human Kinetics; 2001. Available From:</ref><br><br> | ||
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*Plantar / dorsiflexion (calf pumps) | *Plantar / dorsiflexion (calf pumps) | ||
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| [[Image:Legextension.jpg|thumb|left|100px|Leg extension]] | | [[Image:Legextension.jpg|thumb|left|100px|Leg extension]] | ||
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<br> <br> <br> <br> <br> | <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> <br> | ||
== Clinical Bottom Line == | == Clinical Bottom Line == | ||
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== Recent Related Research (from [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ Pubmed]) == | == Recent Related Research (from [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ Pubmed]) == | ||
<div class="researchbox"><rss>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/erss.cgi?rss_guid=1xKHMNrFM_OjeS4aq4dHXvY4ZnTemrTJ-xLPOnG14N2iTmtktc|charset=UTF-8|short|max=10</rss></div> | <div class="researchbox"><rss>http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/erss.cgi?rss_guid=1xKHMNrFM_OjeS4aq4dHXvY4ZnTemrTJ-xLPOnG14N2iTmtktc|charset=UTF-8|short|max=10</rss></div> | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
<br> | |||
[[Category:Biomechanics]] [[Category:Rehabilitation Exercise]] |
Revision as of 18:20, 22 May 2016
Original Editor - Tarina van der Stockt
Top Contributors - Tarina van der Stockt, Aanal Bhuva, Kim Jackson, Lucinda hampton, Evan Thomas, WikiSysop, Naomi O'Reilly, Wanda van Niekerk and Claire Knott
Introduction[edit | edit source]
The Kinetic Chain is a way of describing human movement and it can either be an open kinetic chain or a closed kinetic chain. An open kinetic chain is defined as “a combination of successively arranged joints in which the terminal segments can move freely”. Thus, an open chain movement is when the peripheral segment/joint of an extremity is free to move. Cite error: Invalid <ref>
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Characteristic |
Open kinetic chain exercises Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name cannot be a simple integer. Use a descriptive title
|
Example: seated knee extension[1] |
Stress pattern |
Rotary |
The primary stress to the joint is rotation of the proximal tibia on the distal femur |
Number of joint axes |
One primary |
Knee extension primarily occur in the sagittal plane |
Nature of joint segments |
One stationary, other mobile |
|
Number of moving joints |
Isolated joint motion |
The femur remains stationary while the tibia is moving |
Planes of movement |
One (single) |
|
Muscular involvement |
Isolation of muscle group activation |
Minimal muscle co-contraction is used to do the movement |
Movement pattern |
Often non-functional |
Biomechanical and Neurophysiological Factors[edit | edit source]
OKC exercises allow for motion in the distal segment while movement is restricted to a single joint. This typically includes exercises to improve strength and range of motion. Cite error: Invalid <ref>
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Characteristics of typical non-weight bearing activities: Cite error: Invalid <ref>
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- Increased distraction and rotational forces
- Increased acceleration forces
- Decreased resistance forces
- Increased deformation of joint and muscle mechanoreceptors
- Increased concentric acceleration and eccentric deceleration forces
- Promotion of functional activities
- Requires agonist-antagonist force couples
Exercises[edit | edit source]
Open chain exercises are beneficial to target specific muscles. Below are some examples.
Open Chain Upper-Body Kinetic Exercises[edit | edit source]
- Bench press
- Biceps curl
- Chest-fly
- Lat pull down
- Tricep extensions
Open Chain Lower-Body Kinetic Exercises[edit | edit source]
- Seated leg extension
- Terminal knee extension exercises
- Hamstring curl
- Plantar / dorsiflexion (calf pumps)
Clinical Bottom Line[edit | edit source]
Many factors should be considered when deciding to use open kinetic chain exercises versus closed kinetic chain exercises. The patient's condition and stage of rehabilitation will aid in the clinician's judgement of exercise prescription.
Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]