Brudzinski’s Sign: Difference between revisions
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'''Original Editor ''' [[User:Oyemi Sillo|Oyemi Sillo]] | |||
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== Description == | == Description == | ||
Brudzinski's sign is one of the physically demonstrable symptoms of meningitis. Severe | Brudzinski's sign is one of the physically demonstrable symptoms of meningitis. Severe neck stiffness causes a patient's hips and knees to flex when the neck is flexed.<ref>http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/19069.htm</ref> | ||
== Purpose == | == Purpose == | ||
Indicates meningeal irritation.<ref>Introduction to Emergency Medicine edited by Elizabeth Mitchell, Ron Medzon. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005</ref> <br> | Indicates meningeal irritation.<ref>Introduction to Emergency Medicine edited by Elizabeth Mitchell, Ron Medzon. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005</ref> <br> | ||
<u>Technique</u> | <u>Technique</u> | ||
To elicit the Kernig's sign, patient is kept in supine position, hip and knee are flexed to a right angle, and then knee is slowly extended by the examiner. The appearance of resistance or pain during extension of the patient's knees beyond 135 degrees constitutes a positive Kernig's sign | To elicit the Kernig's sign, the patient is kept in supine position, hip and knee are flexed to a right angle, and then the knee is slowly extended by the examiner. The appearance of resistance or pain during extension of the patient's knees beyond 135 degrees constitutes a positive Kernig's sign | ||
• Patient lies supine<br>• Flex neck, bringing chin to chest<br>• Positive sign is involuntary flexing of hips. <br><br> | • Patient lies supine<br>• Flex neck, bringing chin to chest<br>• Positive sign is involuntary flexing of hips. <br><br> | ||
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Sensitivity: 5; Specificity: 95; Positive likelihood ratio: 0.97; Negative likelihood ratio: 1.0 | Sensitivity: 5; Specificity: 95; Positive likelihood ratio: 0.97; Negative likelihood ratio: 1.0 | ||
See [http://www.physio-pedia.com/Test_Diagnostics test diagnostics page] for an explanation of statistics. | |||
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== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 07:08, 6 December 2017
Original Editor Oyemi Sillo
Top Contributors - Sweta Christian, Oyemi Sillo, Kim Jackson, Anas Mohamed, 127.0.0.1, Admin, Evan Thomas and WikiSysop
Description[edit | edit source]
Brudzinski's sign is one of the physically demonstrable symptoms of meningitis. Severe neck stiffness causes a patient's hips and knees to flex when the neck is flexed.[1]
Purpose[edit | edit source]
Indicates meningeal irritation.[2]
Technique
To elicit the Kernig's sign, the patient is kept in supine position, hip and knee are flexed to a right angle, and then the knee is slowly extended by the examiner. The appearance of resistance or pain during extension of the patient's knees beyond 135 degrees constitutes a positive Kernig's sign
• Patient lies supine
• Flex neck, bringing chin to chest
• Positive sign is involuntary flexing of hips.
Evidence[3][edit | edit source]
Sensitivity: 5; Specificity: 95; Positive likelihood ratio: 0.97; Negative likelihood ratio: 1.0
See test diagnostics page for an explanation of statistics.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/19069.htm
- ↑ Introduction to Emergency Medicine edited by Elizabeth Mitchell, Ron Medzon. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2005
- ↑ Karen E. Thomas, Rodrigo Hasbun, James Jekel, Vincent J. Quagliarello. The Diagnostic Accuracy of Kernig's Sign, Brudzinski's Sign, and Nuchal Rigidity in Adults with Suspected Meningitis. Clin Infect Dis. (2002) 35 (1): 46-52.
- ↑ Manmohan Mehndiratta, Rajeev Nayak, Hitesh Garg, Munish Kumar, and Sanjay Pandey (2012). Appraisal of Kernig's and Brudzinski's sign in meningitis.Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 2012 Oct-Dec; 15(4): 287–288. doi: 10.4103/0972-2327.104337
