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...'''Original Editor '''- [[User:Ewa Jaraczewska|Ewa Jaraczewska]] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/helene-simpson/ Hele ...ough fifth (lesser toe) injuries.<ref name=":0">Gyftopoulos S, Woertler K. Ankle and foot. Musculoskeletal Diseases 2021-2024. 2021:107-20.</ref>

...orbox">'''Original Editor '''- [[User:Carin Hunter|Carin Hunter]] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/donna-fisher/ Donn == Commonly Used Types of Orthotics ==

...rough an unrestricted, pain-free range of motion. It involves the capacity of these structures to stretch, lengthen, and contract without limitations, al ...t, including muscles, ligaments, tendons, joint capsules, and skin. A lack of stretching, especially when combined with activity, can lead to fatigue-ind

...'''Original Editor '''- [[User:Ewa Jaraczewska|Ewa Jaraczewska]] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/helene-simpson/ Hele ...About 20% of these injuries. are not diagnosed in time or at the point of the injury.<ref name=":7" /> A subtle, but unstable injury may receive conserv

...l pain sensitivity in patients with unilateral plantar heel pain]. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy. 2019 Sep;49(9):640-6. DOI: 10.2519/j ...ntar heel pain” was hence proposed to describe the condition of pain under the heel where no differential diagnosis exists.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2"

...s be practical. Thus, patients may choose to have surgery or various types of ultrasound-guided percutaneous injections to manage this condition. ...tor hallucis muscle]] and the fibrous septum, which connects the fascia to the bone.<ref name=":8" />

[[Image:Foot.jpg|493x493px|Foot & Ankle|right|frameless]] ...orm a complex system which consists of 28 [[Bone|bones]], 33 joints, 112 [[Ligament|ligaments]], controlled by 13 extrinsic and 21 intrinsic [[Muscle|muscles]]

...to the second tarsometatarsal (tarsometa-tarsal) joint and the Lisfranc [[ligament]]. <ref name="Wynter S, & Grigg C.">Wynter S, Grigg C. [https://www.racgp.o ...ot. It is commonly misdiagnosed as a sprain, particularly if the mechanism of injury is a simple twist and fall.

...organ transplant is an established life-saving therapy for these patients. The most common underlying conditions requiring heart-lung transplants are cong A pioneering heart surgeon, Dr Christiaan Barnard, performed the first successful human-to-human heart transplant operation in 1967 in Cape

...copic treatment of anterolateral impingement of the ankle. Journal of Foot Ankle Surgery [serial online]. May 2010;49(3):219-223. Available from: CINAHL Plu [[Image:493x335 ankle.jpg|center|500px]]

...swing phase. Foot drop can therefore hinder walking and increase the risk of tripping and falling. <ref>Stevens F, Weerkamp NJ, Cals JW. Foot drop. BMJ ...pated behind the head of the [[fibula]] and as it winds around the neck of the fibula.<ref>Palastanga N & Soames R ''Anatomy and Human Movement, Structur

...%20knee%3A%20A%20practical%20guide%20to%20management.&f=false The multiple ligament injured knee: A practical guide to management.] New York: Springer Science, The [[Knee|knee joint]] is made up of articulations of the [[Femur|distal femur]], [[Tibia|proximal tibia]] and [[patella]].<ref name=

...11.short Injuries in elite and recreational snowboarders.] British journal of sports medicine. 2014 Jan 1;48(1):11-7.</ref> ...ctures of the Lateral Process of the Talus]. Fractures and Dislocations of the Talus and Calcaneus. 2020:97-106.</ref>

...'''Original Editor '''- [[User:Ewa Jaraczewska|Ewa Jaraczewska]] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/instructor/helene-simpson/ Hele == Definition of Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI) ==

...hn|Andrew Klaehn]],[[User:Yelena Gesthuizen|Yelena Gesthuizen]] as part of the [[Vrije Universiteit Brussel Evidence-based Practice Project]] ...e &amp; Joint Surgery, December 1978, vol. 60, no. 8, p. 1113-1116. (Level of Evidence 1B)</ref>

...is the most common cause of adult-acquired flatfoot deformity. Failure of the tendon affects surrounding ligamentous structures and will eventually lead ...tibial tendon dysfunction: an overlooked cause of foot deformity]. Journal of family medicine and primary care. 2015 Jan;4(1):26. Available from:https://

...ntour of the vertebral column; or 3) permit access to deeper tissue inside the spinal canal. ...rve roots (that is, the nerve roots that exit at the vertebral level below the surgical level).

...="Goo Kim">Goo Kim, J et all. Correlation between the rotational degree of the dial test and arthroscopic and physical findings in posterolateral rotatory ...ffman G. Acute and chronic management of posterolateral corner injuries of the knee [corrected] [published erratum appears in ORTHOPEDICS 2008 Jul;31(7):7

...): 799-804 (C)</ref> In most cases, flexion deformities occur bilaterally. The deformity is either temporary or permanent. Normal [[Knee]] anatomy is characterized by the following:

...rbox"> '''Original Editor '''- [[User:Carin Hunter|Carin Hunter]] based on the course by [https://members.physio-pedia.com/course_tutor/michelle-green-sme ...utilized in determining pointe readiness in young ballet dancers.] Journal of Dance Medicine & Science. 2018 Dec 1;22(4):209-17.</ref>