Foot and Ankle Assessment-Investigations and Tests: Difference between revisions

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== Purpose ==
== Introduction ==
Patients may present to the clinic with foot and ankle problems for a variety of reasons which may include [[Pain Assessment|pain]], swelling, deformity, stiffness, instability and/or abnormal gait.<ref>Coughlin MJ, Saltzman CL, Anderson RB. Mann’s surgery of the foot and ankle. Amsterdam: Elsevier Saunders, 2014: 2186</ref>
Taking patient's history and completing an objective assessment is a gold standard of the foot and ankle assessment. The purpose of using special investigations and tests is to confirm the clinical diagnosis. <blockquote>"We can't treat the patient just on x-rays or just on MRI findings. These things have to come together (with objective assessment)". ''Helene Simpson'' </blockquote>


== Techniques ==
== Techniques ==
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=== Investigations  ===
=== Investigations  ===


*Radiological Considerations: any previous radiographs or other medical imagingscans?
==== X-Rays ====
*Other investigations: recent blood tests?
 
==== Diagnostic Ultrasound ====
 
==== MRI ====
 
==== CT Scan ====


=== Special Tests ===
=== Special Tests ===

Revision as of 21:11, 8 January 2022

This article is currently under review and may not be up to date. Please come back soon to see the finished work! (8/01/2022)

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Taking patient's history and completing an objective assessment is a gold standard of the foot and ankle assessment. The purpose of using special investigations and tests is to confirm the clinical diagnosis.

"We can't treat the patient just on x-rays or just on MRI findings. These things have to come together (with objective assessment)". Helene Simpson

Techniques[edit | edit source]

Investigations[edit | edit source]

X-Rays[edit | edit source]

Diagnostic Ultrasound[edit | edit source]

MRI[edit | edit source]

CT Scan[edit | edit source]

Special Tests[edit | edit source]

Functional Tests[edit | edit source]

  • Small knee bend
  • Sit to stand
  • Squat
  • Double heel raise
  • Jump
  • Single leg stand
  • Single knee bend
  • Single heel raise
  • Hop
  • Running

[1]

Additional details can be found on the Foot and Ankle Assessment page.

Special Tests[edit | edit source]

Special tests are utilized to prove or disprove the working hypothesis, as well as to identify dysfunctional structures/tissues. They include the following:  


References[edit | edit source]

  1. Kris Porter DPT. Movement Screen of the Lower Quarter. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l6gkHR02rIM [last accessed 30/6/2021]
  2. Kate Cornet.Windlass Test. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZO0wREhjxH0&t=2s[last accessed 30/6/2021]
  3. Kate Cornet. Thompsons Test. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SjwwWc1d5dg [last accessed 30/6/2021]
  4. Kate Cornet. Ankle Anterior Drawer. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hkrKU7MI93c [last accessed 30/6/2021]
  5. Kate Cornet.Talar Tilt. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSvjmMMNGf0[last accessed 30/6/2021]
  6. Kate Cornet. Squeeze Test. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ANIUAmCt5t8[last accessed 30/6/2021]
  7. Kate Cornet.Mortons Test. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lyfLdQJ--PA [last accessed 30/6/2021]