Sports Screening: Postural Assessment: Difference between revisions
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== Purpose == | == Purpose == | ||
In athletes postural assessment is key, because of the inter-relationship between the lower quarter, trunk and core musculature and the upper quarter | In athletes postural assessment is key, because of the inter-relationship between the lower quarter, trunk and core musculature and the upper quarter.<ref name=":0">Kolt GS, Snyder-Mackler L. Physical Therapies in Sport and Exercise. 2nd ED. Edinburgh. Churchill Livingstone. Elsevier. 2007</ref> Although the postural assessment as part of the screening process is subjective, there are evidence of correlations between injury and posture<ref name=":1" />. Abnormal postures can influence muscle function,<ref name=":0" /><br> | ||
== Technique == | == Technique == | ||
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Examples of the various components that can be included in the postural assessment: | Examples of the various components that can be included in the postural assessment: | ||
* Head on neck position | * Head on neck position | ||
* Shoulder | * [[Shoulder Examination|Shoulder]]: Symmetry - are the shoulders level from anterior and posterior view | ||
* Shoulder | * [[Shoulder Examination|Shoulder]]: Roundedness -assessed anteriorly and from the side. Are the shoulders in internal rotation? Is there anterior translation of the humeral head? | ||
* Thoracic spine | * [[Thoracic Examination|Thoracic spine]]:assessed from the side. Is an increased or decreased thoracic [[kyphosis]] present? | ||
* General spinal curvature | * General spinal curvature: assessed posteriorly. Is there a spinal [[scoliosis]] present? | ||
* Lumbar spine | * [[Lumbar Assessment|Lumbar spine]]: assessed from the side. Is there an increased lumbar lordosis or a flattened lumbar spine? Assessed from the back - any visible muscle spasm? Hinging at the [[Thoracolumbar Fascia|thoracolumbar]] junction? | ||
* Pelvis - assessed from the front, rear and side. Assess levels of ASIS, PSIS. Assess levels of iliac crests. Is pelvis in anterior or posterior tilt? | * [[Pelvis]] - assessed from the front, rear and side. Assess levels of ASIS, PSIS. Assess levels of iliac crests. Is pelvis in anterior or posterior tilt? | ||
* Hips: Symmetry - are hips level. | * [[Hip Examination|Hips]]: Symmetry - are hips level. Are hips in internal or external rotation? Is there a visible [[Gluteus Maximus|gluteal]] bulk? Are the hips in extension or flexion - viewed from the side? | ||
* Knees: are the knees in hyperextension when viewed from the side? | * [[Knee|Knees]]: are the knees in hyperextension when viewed from the side? | ||
== Evidence == | == Evidence == | ||
Reliability: A basic musculoskeletal postural assessment is sufficiently reliable when performed by trained clinicians. Posture, mobility and movement can be assessed with adequate reliabililty.<ref>Toivo K, Kannus P, Kokko S, et al [https://bmjopensem.bmj.com/content/4/1/e000376 Musculoskeletal examination in young athletes and non-athletes: the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study] BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 2018;4:e000376.</ref> | Reliability: A basic musculoskeletal postural assessment is sufficiently reliable when performed by trained clinicians. Posture, mobility and movement can be assessed with adequate reliabililty.<ref name=":1">Toivo K, Kannus P, Kokko S, et al [https://bmjopensem.bmj.com/content/4/1/e000376 Musculoskeletal examination in young athletes and non-athletes: the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study] BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 2018;4:e000376.</ref> | ||
== Resources == | == Resources == | ||
Revision as of 11:56, 14 January 2019
Original Editor - Wanda van Niekerk
Lead Editors
Purpose[edit | edit source]
In athletes postural assessment is key, because of the inter-relationship between the lower quarter, trunk and core musculature and the upper quarter.[1] Although the postural assessment as part of the screening process is subjective, there are evidence of correlations between injury and posture[2]. Abnormal postures can influence muscle function,[1]
Technique[edit | edit source]
The athlete is barefoot and stands in a relaxed position/posture. There should be sufficient distance between the athlete and the assessing physiotherapist to adequately view the athlete's posture. The various components of the postural assessment is viewed anteriorly, posteriorly and from the side as well.
Examples of the various components that can be included in the postural assessment:
- Head on neck position
- Shoulder: Symmetry - are the shoulders level from anterior and posterior view
- Shoulder: Roundedness -assessed anteriorly and from the side. Are the shoulders in internal rotation? Is there anterior translation of the humeral head?
- Thoracic spine:assessed from the side. Is an increased or decreased thoracic kyphosis present?
- General spinal curvature: assessed posteriorly. Is there a spinal scoliosis present?
- Lumbar spine: assessed from the side. Is there an increased lumbar lordosis or a flattened lumbar spine? Assessed from the back - any visible muscle spasm? Hinging at the thoracolumbar junction?
- Pelvis - assessed from the front, rear and side. Assess levels of ASIS, PSIS. Assess levels of iliac crests. Is pelvis in anterior or posterior tilt?
- Hips: Symmetry - are hips level. Are hips in internal or external rotation? Is there a visible gluteal bulk? Are the hips in extension or flexion - viewed from the side?
- Knees: are the knees in hyperextension when viewed from the side?
Evidence[edit | edit source]
Reliability: A basic musculoskeletal postural assessment is sufficiently reliable when performed by trained clinicians. Posture, mobility and movement can be assessed with adequate reliabililty.[2]
Resources[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kolt GS, Snyder-Mackler L. Physical Therapies in Sport and Exercise. 2nd ED. Edinburgh. Churchill Livingstone. Elsevier. 2007
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Toivo K, Kannus P, Kokko S, et al Musculoskeletal examination in young athletes and non-athletes: the Finnish Health Promoting Sports Club (FHPSC) study BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 2018;4:e000376.
- ↑ Physiotutors https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_VQDInMfY5HoPn8w9OmuFw
