Systematic Reviews: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
A systematic review is a tool of quantitative research methodology that, through a systematic search and analysis of the literature, aims to answer to a research question. In fact, after identyfing all the literature relevant for contents and study design, it collects and analyses data from the studies included in the review. <ref>Uman LS. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3024725/ Systematic reviews and meta-analyses.] J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2011 Feb;20(1):57-9. PMID: 21286370; PMCID: PMC3024725.</ref> | A systematic review is a tool of quantitative research methodology that, through a systematic search and analysis of the literature, aims to answer to a research question. In fact, after identyfing all the literature relevant for contents and study design, it collects and analyses data from the studies included in the review. <ref name=":0">Uman LS. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3024725/ Systematic reviews and meta-analyses.] J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2011 Feb;20(1):57-9. PMID: 21286370; PMCID: PMC3024725.</ref>A systematic review can include a meta-analysis component, which is a statistical tecnique that allows to synthesize the quantitative data from the studies included into a single statistical analysis. The presence or not of a metanalysis depends mostly on the homogeneity and quantity of the studies. | ||
== | == Steps of a systematic review == | ||
The following list reports the main steps of the process of carrying out a systematic review. <ref name=":0" /> | |||
- '''Research question''' As for every work of research, is the research question that guides the choice of the paradigm and of the methodology of research. The research question can come from a dilemma inherent to the clinical practice, a gap in the practical or theorethical knowledge, or a mix of these elements.<ref>Fandino W. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6691636/ Formulating a good research question: Pearls and pitfalls]. Indian J Anaesth. 2019 Aug;63(8):611-616. doi: 10.4103/ija.IJA_198_19. </ref> The systematic review is an approach that can be included in quantitative methodologies, because it shares the main features of this methodology, such as hypothesis testing, numerical data collection and analysis and the role of the researcher detached from the research. | |||
'''- Inclusion and exclusion''' Cochrane invented the acronym PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes) that summarizes the main components to consider when selecting studies. In fact, on the base of the objectives of the research, the researcher puts some inclusion and exclusion criteria for every of these components. The selection is made not only on the contents of the studies, but also about their design. In fact, the researcher decides a priori what types of studies to include and exclude, for example RCT, RCT and quasi experimental trials, cohort studies. Moreover, these criteria can be more selective, for example putting language restrictions, free-acces studies, or published versus unpublished studies.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
'''- Search strategy''' | |||
'''- Data extraction''' | |||
'''- Quality assessment''' | |||
'''- Analysis of results''' | |||
== Sub Heading 3 == | == Sub Heading 3 == | ||
Revision as of 19:22, 30 May 2022
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
A systematic review is a tool of quantitative research methodology that, through a systematic search and analysis of the literature, aims to answer to a research question. In fact, after identyfing all the literature relevant for contents and study design, it collects and analyses data from the studies included in the review. [1]A systematic review can include a meta-analysis component, which is a statistical tecnique that allows to synthesize the quantitative data from the studies included into a single statistical analysis. The presence or not of a metanalysis depends mostly on the homogeneity and quantity of the studies.
Steps of a systematic review[edit | edit source]
The following list reports the main steps of the process of carrying out a systematic review. [1]
- Research question As for every work of research, is the research question that guides the choice of the paradigm and of the methodology of research. The research question can come from a dilemma inherent to the clinical practice, a gap in the practical or theorethical knowledge, or a mix of these elements.[2] The systematic review is an approach that can be included in quantitative methodologies, because it shares the main features of this methodology, such as hypothesis testing, numerical data collection and analysis and the role of the researcher detached from the research.
- Inclusion and exclusion Cochrane invented the acronym PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes) that summarizes the main components to consider when selecting studies. In fact, on the base of the objectives of the research, the researcher puts some inclusion and exclusion criteria for every of these components. The selection is made not only on the contents of the studies, but also about their design. In fact, the researcher decides a priori what types of studies to include and exclude, for example RCT, RCT and quasi experimental trials, cohort studies. Moreover, these criteria can be more selective, for example putting language restrictions, free-acces studies, or published versus unpublished studies.[1]
- Search strategy
- Data extraction
- Quality assessment
- Analysis of results
Sub Heading 3[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Uman LS. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses. J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2011 Feb;20(1):57-9. PMID: 21286370; PMCID: PMC3024725.
- ↑ Fandino W. Formulating a good research question: Pearls and pitfalls. Indian J Anaesth. 2019 Aug;63(8):611-616. doi: 10.4103/ija.IJA_198_19.
