Rib Fracture: Difference between revisions
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== Clinically Relevant Anatomy == | == Clinically Relevant Anatomy == | ||
The chest comprises of 12 rib bones on each side of the body. Each rib attaches to the spine at the back of the body and then travels around to the front of the chest (figure 1). The top 7 ribs attach to the sternum, the 8th to 10 ribs attach to the ribs above via cartilage and the 11th and 12th ribs are known as ‘floating’ ribs as they are unattached at the front of the chest<ref>Physioadvisor.com [https://www.physioadvisor.com.au/injuries/upper-back-chest/rib-fracture/ Rib Fracture] Available from:https://www.physioadvisor.com.au/injuries/upper-back-chest/rib-fracture/ (last accessed 5.5.2020)</ref>. | |||
== Etiology == | |||
* Blunt and penetrating trauma: e.g. motor vehicle accidents, falls, assaults - most common injury is blunt thoracic trauma, occurring in 50% of cases | |||
* Pathological fractures eg Osteoporosis, malignancies. | |||
* Stress fractures: occur more commonly in high-level athletes | |||
* Non-accidental injuries in children | |||
* Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): occurs in 1 in 3 5 | |||
* Fetal rib fractures: caused by skeletal dysplasias | |||
* Radiation-induced rib fractures 8-9 | |||
* Spontaneous: spontaneous rib fracture<ref>Radiopedia [https://radiopaedia.org/articles/rib-fractures Rib Fractures] Available from:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/rib-fractures (last accessed 5.5.2020)</ref> | |||
== Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process == | == Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process == | ||
Revision as of 07:18, 5 May 2020
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
Rib fractures occur when a significant enough force directed at the rib causes a break. There are a total of 12 pairs of ribs in the thoracic region. The first seven ribs attach anteriorly to the sternum and posteriorly to the spinal column. Rib numbers 8 through 10 attach similarly but connect to the costal cartilage of the sternum anteriorly. Ribs 11 and 12 have the name of “floating” ribs as they only attach posteriorly but do not attach anteriorly. Underneath each rib lies the intercostal nerve, artery, and veins which supply to blood supply and innervation. The ribs function to protect the underlying organs and structures of the thoracic cavity. Any rib fracture should warrant a thorough evaluation of any concomitant injury, including lungs, heart, kidney, spleen, liver, and neuro-vasculature.[1]
Clinically Relevant Anatomy[edit | edit source]
The chest comprises of 12 rib bones on each side of the body. Each rib attaches to the spine at the back of the body and then travels around to the front of the chest (figure 1). The top 7 ribs attach to the sternum, the 8th to 10 ribs attach to the ribs above via cartilage and the 11th and 12th ribs are known as ‘floating’ ribs as they are unattached at the front of the chest[2].
Etiology[edit | edit source]
- Blunt and penetrating trauma: e.g. motor vehicle accidents, falls, assaults - most common injury is blunt thoracic trauma, occurring in 50% of cases
- Pathological fractures eg Osteoporosis, malignancies.
- Stress fractures: occur more commonly in high-level athletes
- Non-accidental injuries in children
- Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): occurs in 1 in 3 5
- Fetal rib fractures: caused by skeletal dysplasias
- Radiation-induced rib fractures 8-9
- Spontaneous: spontaneous rib fracture[3]
Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to the mechanism of injury and/or pathology of the condition
Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to the clinical presentation of the condition
Diagnostic Procedures[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to diagnostic tests for the condition
Outcome Measures[edit | edit source]
add links to outcome measures here (see Outcome Measures Database)
Management / Interventions[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to management approaches to the condition
Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to the differential diagnosis of this condition
Resources[edit | edit source]
add appropriate resources here
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Kuo K, Kim AM. Rib Fracture.Available from:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541020/ (last accessed 5.5.2020)
- ↑ Physioadvisor.com Rib Fracture Available from:https://www.physioadvisor.com.au/injuries/upper-back-chest/rib-fracture/ (last accessed 5.5.2020)
- ↑ Radiopedia Rib Fractures Available from:https://radiopaedia.org/articles/rib-fractures (last accessed 5.5.2020)
