Rheumatoid Arthritis: Difference between revisions
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== Characteristics/Clinical Presentation == | == Characteristics/Clinical Presentation == | ||
<u>'''Signs and Symptoms of RA:'''</u> | <u>'''Signs and Symptoms of RA:'''</u> | ||
1. Joint Pain: The most common symptom of Rheumatoid Arthritis | 1. Joint Pain: The most common symptom of Rheumatoid Arthritis | ||
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{| width="650" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="2" | {| width="650" border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="2" | ||
|+ <u>'''American Collage of Rheumatology Revised Criteria for Classification of Functional Status in Rheumatoid Arthritis'''</u> | |+ <u>'''American Collage of Rheumatology Revised Criteria for Classification of Functional Status in Rheumatoid Arthritis'''</u> | ||
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| <span style="line-height: 19px;">Class 1</span> | | <span style="line-height: 19px;">Class 1</span> | ||
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< | <br> | ||
'''<u>Clinical Prediction Rules</u>''' | '''<u>Clinical Prediction Rules</u>''' | ||
''Four out of the Following Seven Must be Present for RA'' | ''Four out of the Following Seven Must be Present for RA'' | ||
*Morning Stiffness for an hour or greater | *Morning Stiffness for an hour or greater | ||
*Arthritis of 3 or more of the following joints: right or left PIP, MCP, Wrist, Elbow, Knee, Ankle, and MTP Joint. | *Arthritis of 3 or more of the following joints: right or left PIP, MCP, Wrist, Elbow, Knee, Ankle, and MTP Joint. | ||
*Arthritis of wrist, MCP, PIP | *Arthritis of wrist, MCP, PIP | ||
*Symmetric involvement of a Joint | *Symmetric involvement of a Joint | ||
*Rheumatoid nodules over bony prominences or extensor surfaces or in juxaarticular regions | *Rheumatoid nodules over bony prominences or extensor surfaces or in juxaarticular regions | ||
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*Radiographic changes including erosion or bony decalcifications localized in or adjacent to joints. <br> | *Radiographic changes including erosion or bony decalcifications localized in or adjacent to joints. <br> | ||
<ref name="5">O’Sullivan and Schmitz. Physical Rehabilitation. 5th edition. Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company. 2007.</ref | <ref name="5">O’Sullivan and Schmitz. Physical Rehabilitation. 5th edition. Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company. 2007.</ref><br> | ||
== Associated Co-morbidities == | == Associated Co-morbidities == | ||
Revision as of 02:37, 4 March 2013
Original Editors -Amanda Fetz & Katie Robertson from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
Lead Editors - Your name will be added here if you are a lead editor on this page. Read more.
Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease and a form of inflammatory arthritis that affects five or more joints. Autoimmune conditions occur when the body fights its own immune system. Instead of the immune system protecting the body, it attacks itself. In RA, the immune system attacks the lining of the joints, called the synovium. RA is a long-term disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues and can also affect other organs. Symptoms may present as inflammation of joints, pain and fatigue.
The disease course typically follows three possible paths:
a. Monocyclic: Having one episode that does not reoccur. This usually ends within 2-5 years of initial diagnosis.
b. Polycyclic: The disease severity varies over the course of the progression of the condition.
c. Progressive: Condition continues to become more severe and non-remitting.
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Prevalence[edit | edit source]
The prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis is estimated between 1.5- 2.1 million US adults or 10 cases per every 1000 people. There are nearly three times as many women then men with the disease. RA is found all around the world, but does tend to be more prevalent in the Native American and white population.
The risk of RA increases with age. RA most commonly begins in women between the ages of 30 and 60. It often occurs later in life for men, but can happen at any age. When RA affects the pediatric population, it is called Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) and usually begins before the age of 16.
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Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
Signs and Symptoms of RA:
1. Joint Pain: The most common symptom of Rheumatoid Arthritis
a. Warmth
b. Redness
c. Tenderness
d. Swelling
2. Joint Stiffness- Increased in the mornings.
3. Fatigue throughout the body
4. Fever
5. Weight Loss
6. Rheumatoid Nodules: Small lumps of tissue that can be felt under the skin.
7. Symmetrical Patterns of affected joints
a. Wrist, Hand, and Fingers: the most affected in the body
b. Cervical Spine
c. Shoulder
d. Elbow
e. Knee
f. Hip
g. Foot and Ankle
8. Prolong symptoms
9. Symptoms varies with patients.
10. Anemia
11. Neck Pain
12. Dry Eyes
13. Dry Mouth
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| Class 1 | Completely able to perform usual activities of daily living (Self care, vocational and avocational) |
| Class 2 | Able to perform usual self care and vocational activates by limited in avocational |
| Class 3 | Able to perform usual self care activities but limited in vocational and avocational activities |
| Class 4 | Limited ability to perform usual self care, vocational, and avocational activities |
Clinical Prediction Rules
Four out of the Following Seven Must be Present for RA
- Morning Stiffness for an hour or greater
- Arthritis of 3 or more of the following joints: right or left PIP, MCP, Wrist, Elbow, Knee, Ankle, and MTP Joint.
- Arthritis of wrist, MCP, PIP
- Symmetric involvement of a Joint
- Rheumatoid nodules over bony prominences or extensor surfaces or in juxaarticular regions
- Positive serum rheumatoid factor
- Radiographic changes including erosion or bony decalcifications localized in or adjacent to joints.
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Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
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Medications[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
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Etiology/Causes[edit | edit source]
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Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Case Reports/ Case Studies[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
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