Pisiform: Difference between revisions
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=== Structure === | === Structure === | ||
'''The pisiform can be found on the anteromedial side of the wrist in the proximal row of the carpal bones. It can be easily palpated. The pisiform is a small sesamoid bone, enveloped in the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon.''' | |||
== Function == | == Function == | ||
'''The pisiform serves as an attachment for tendons and ligaments (1.1). As it is a sesamoid bone, it acts like a pulley that provides a smooth surface for the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon to glide over. The pisiform also forms part of the ulnar canal, or can also be referred to as the Guyon canal. It is a fibroosseus structure that forms a groove between the proximal side of the pisiform bone and the hook of the hamate'''<ref>Ramage JL, Varacallo M. [https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Matthew_Varacallo/publication/329717458_Anatomy_Shoulder_and_Upper_Limb_Hand_Guyon_Canal/links/5c17e48d299bf139c760571c/Anatomy-Shoulder-and-Upper-Limb-Hand-Guyon-Canal.pdf Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Guyon Canal].</ref>'''. (2.) The ulnar nerve and ulnar artery pass through this canal from the distal forearm into the hand. Thus the ulnar canal serves to protect the ulnar nerve and artery.''' | |||
=== Articulations === | === Articulations === | ||
'''The pisiform does not form part of wrist movement, unlike all other carpal bones. It is situated where the ulna and the wrist connect, but articulates with the triquetrum only. It lies in a plane anterior and superficially to all other carpal bones.''' | |||
=== Muscle attachments === | === Muscle attachments === | ||
'''Flexor Carpi Ulnaris – This is an extrinsic muscle that attaches to the pisiform, hook of hamate and 5<sup>th</sup> metacarpal. It allows wrist flexion and adduction. (1.2)''' | |||
'''Transverse carpal ligament –''' | |||
'''Abdutor digiti minimi – This is a hypothenar muscle. It allows abduction of the 5<sup>th</sup> finger and flexion of its proximal phalanx.''' | |||
== Resources == | == Resources == | ||
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[[Category:Anatomy]] | [[Category:Anatomy]] | ||
[[Category:Bones]] | [[Category:Bones]] | ||
[[Category:Anatomy Project]] | |||
[[Category:Bones of the Wrist]] | |||
[[Category:Hand and Wrist Anatomy]] | |||
Revision as of 20:44, 17 February 2019
Nina Myburg
Top Contributors - Nina Myburg, Kim Jackson, Nikhil Benhur Abburi, Wendy Snyders and Leana Louw
Description[edit | edit source]
The pisiform is one of eight carpal bones that forms part of the wrist joint. It is a small pea-shaped bone. The name pisiform is derived from the Latin word "pisum" which means pea. It can be felt on the anteromedial side of the wrist.
Structure[edit | edit source]
The pisiform can be found on the anteromedial side of the wrist in the proximal row of the carpal bones. It can be easily palpated. The pisiform is a small sesamoid bone, enveloped in the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon.
Function[edit | edit source]
The pisiform serves as an attachment for tendons and ligaments (1.1). As it is a sesamoid bone, it acts like a pulley that provides a smooth surface for the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon to glide over. The pisiform also forms part of the ulnar canal, or can also be referred to as the Guyon canal. It is a fibroosseus structure that forms a groove between the proximal side of the pisiform bone and the hook of the hamate[1]. (2.) The ulnar nerve and ulnar artery pass through this canal from the distal forearm into the hand. Thus the ulnar canal serves to protect the ulnar nerve and artery.
Articulations[edit | edit source]
The pisiform does not form part of wrist movement, unlike all other carpal bones. It is situated where the ulna and the wrist connect, but articulates with the triquetrum only. It lies in a plane anterior and superficially to all other carpal bones.
Muscle attachments[edit | edit source]
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris – This is an extrinsic muscle that attaches to the pisiform, hook of hamate and 5th metacarpal. It allows wrist flexion and adduction. (1.2)
Transverse carpal ligament –
Abdutor digiti minimi – This is a hypothenar muscle. It allows abduction of the 5th finger and flexion of its proximal phalanx.
Resources[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Ramage JL, Varacallo M. Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Guyon Canal.
