Ober's Test: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 70: | Line 70: | ||
'''Results:''' | '''Results:''' | ||
The patient should be positioned on the side with the unaffected leg under and slightly flexed in 90 degree at the hip and the knee for stability. According to some articles the patient can place his hand and arm under the flexed knee | The patient should be positioned on the side with the unaffected leg under and slightly flexed in 90 degree at the hip and the knee for stability. According to some articles the patient can place his hand and arm under the flexed knee<ref name="één">Magee D. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. 2nd ed.Pennsylvania:WB Saunders, 1992. p354-355.</ref><ref name="twee">Hoppenfeld S. Physical Examination of the spine and Extremeities. London: Prentice-Hall International 1976.p167</ref>. While stabilizing the pelvis, the examiner can abduct and extend the upper affected leg allowing the iliotibial band to move posteriorly over the greater trochanter. Proximal hand or hip of the examiner as a fixation can avoid anterior tilting of the patient’s pelvis. The examiner slowly lowers the upper leg. | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
Revision as of 01:23, 31 December 2010
Original Editor - Nicole Kluckhohn, Agapi Hakobyan
Lead Editors - Your name will be added here if you are a lead editor on this page. Read more.
Search Strategy[edit | edit source]
Keywords: ober’s test, modified ober’s test, iliotibial band syndrome
In the site of pubmed of VUB type the word ober’s test, following selection one article was used: Reliability of Measurements Obtained by Use of an Instrument Designed to Indirectly Measure Iliotibial Band Length.
In the database of “web of knowledge” the keyword “modified Ober test” is used, the article is used: Assessment of stretching of the iliotibial tract with Ober and modified Ober tests: an ultrasonographic study.
In the database of “web of knowledge” the keyword “modified Ober test” was used. As result was the following article: Iliotibial band syndrome: A common source of knee pain
Definition/Description
[edit | edit source]
The Ober's test evaluates a tight, contracted or inflamed tensor fasciae latae and iliotibial band. There are 2 variants of the test:
- ober’s test: The patient lies on the uninvolved side with hip and knee flexed in 90 degree. The examiner placed the knee in 5 degree of flexion, fully abducted the lower extremity, then allowed the force of gravity to adduct the extremity until the hip could not adduct any further. (figure 1A)
- modified ober’s test: The patient was positioned in the unaffected leg with hip in neutral position and knee in 0 degree. (figure1B)
Purpose
[edit | edit source]
The Ober's test is performed to assess for tightness of the illiotibial band and the tensor fascia lata along the lateral aspect of the hip and thigh.
Clinically Relevant Anatomy[edit | edit source]
The iliotibial band (ITB) originates from:
- the outer lip of the anterior iliac crest
- anterior border of the ilium spine
- outer surface of anterior superior iliac spine
The tensor fasciae latae originates also from:
- the outer surface of anterior iliac crest
- anterior superior iliac spine
Tensor fasciae latae attaches ITB at the lateroanterior thigh and inserting proximal to the lateral femoral condyle.
The expanse passes between lateral aspect of patella and biceps femoris to insert into the Gerdy tubercle. For the stabilization of the knee helps to expanse the lateral collateral ligament and posterolateral capsule.
Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and upper fibers of the gluteus maximus are the primary synergistic muscles of the hip abductors.
Technique[edit | edit source]
- Patient should be in sidelying with the affect side up
- Bottom knee and hip should be flexed
- For consistency in testing, some suggest using top hand and arm to be placed under the flexed knee holding onto the side of the table. Note the angle of the hip and knee which should be near 90/90. This may allow for better reproduction for future testing
Test:
- Extend and Abduct the hip joint
- Slowly lower the leg toward the table -adduct hip- until motion is restricted
- Ensure that the hip does not internally rotate during the test and the pelvis must be stabilized to maintain position
Results:
The patient should be positioned on the side with the unaffected leg under and slightly flexed in 90 degree at the hip and the knee for stability. According to some articles the patient can place his hand and arm under the flexed knee[3][4]. While stabilizing the pelvis, the examiner can abduct and extend the upper affected leg allowing the iliotibial band to move posteriorly over the greater trochanter. Proximal hand or hip of the examiner as a fixation can avoid anterior tilting of the patient’s pelvis. The examiner slowly lowers the upper leg.
- If the IT band is normal, the leg will adduct and the patient will not experience any pain.
- If the IT band is tight, the leg would remain in the abducted position and the patient would experience lateral knee pain, than is the test positive.
- If the IT band is not tight, the leg would adduct and the patient may have lateral knee pain, the test is negative.
Key Research[edit | edit source]
add links and reviews of high quality evidence here (case studies should be added on new pages using the case study template)
There are limited studies to support the validity of this test.
A study by Reese et al shows a significant difference in ROM between testing with the affected knee flexed vs. extended during testing, however reliability was .9 and .91 respectively.
http://www.udel.edu/PT/PT%20Clinical%20Services/journalclub/sojc/04_05/mar05/inclinometerobers.pdf
Resources
[edit | edit source]
F. R. Ober:
The role of the iliotibial band and fascia lata as a factor in the causation of low-back disabilities and diabilities and sciatica.
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Boston, 1936, 18: 105-110.
This test is also known as the Ober's Abduction Sign and Ober's sign
Clinical Bottom Line[edit | edit source]
add text here
Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
see tutorial on Adding PubMed Feed
[5][6][7]References[edit | edit source]
References will automatically be added here, see adding references tutorial.
- ↑ Magee D. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. 2nd ed.Pennsylvania:WB Saunders, 1992. p354-355.
- ↑ Hoppenfeld S. Physical Examination of the spine and Extremeities. London: Prentice-Hall International 1976.p167.
- ↑ Magee D. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. 2nd ed.Pennsylvania:WB Saunders, 1992. p354-355.
- ↑ Hoppenfeld S. Physical Examination of the spine and Extremeities. London: Prentice-Hall International 1976.p167
- ↑ William E. Melchione, M. Scott Sullivan. Reliability of Measurements Obtained by Use of an Instrument Designed to Indirectly Measure Iliotibial Band Length. J Orthopedic Sports Physician Therapy 1993;18(3):511-515.
- ↑ Razib Khaund, Sharon H. Flynn, Iliotibial Band Syndrome: A Common Source of Knee Pain, American Family Physician, 2005 Apr 15;71(8):1545-1550
- ↑ Wang T-G, Jan M-H, Lin K-H, Wang H-K. Assessment of stretching of the iliotibial tract with Ober and modified Ober tests: an ultrasonographic study. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation 2006;87:1407-11.
- ↑ William E. Melchione, M. Scott Sullivan. Reliability of Measurements Obtained by Use of an Instrument Designed to Indirectly Measure Iliotibial Band Length. J Orthopedic Sports Physician Therapy 1993;18(3):511-515.
