Muscle Cramps: Difference between revisions

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== Introduction ==
Muscle cramps are mostly idiopathic,  commonly affecting the calf muscles and/or foot. Muscle cramps are usually short-lived and self-limited, but  may be results from varieties of serious systematic disorders. <ref name=":0">[https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/569 BMJ best practice.Muscle Cramps. Available from: https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/569] (accessed on 30July 2023).</ref> Physical examination and review of medical history can rather quickly and simply rule out cramps caused by pathologies. Passive and/or active stretching of the affected muscle(s) is by far the most effective and safest non-pharmacology  management for most acute idiopathic muscle cramps.<ref name=":0" />
== Definition ==
A muscle cramp is a sudden, involuntary, painful muscle contraction or spasm, associated with an increase in frequency of motor action potentials and can have persistent muscle soreness and swelling with a variable rate of improvement, often terminated by stretching.<ref name=":0" /> <ref>Katzberg HD. Case studies in management of muscle cramps. Neurologic clinics. 2020 Aug 1;38(3):679-96.</ref>
== Epidemiology ==
== Etiology ==
* Idiopathic
* Pregnancy 
* Strenuous exercise
* Haemodialysis
* Cirrhosis
* Metabolic or electrolyte disturbances
* Other chronic diseases
== Resources ==
[https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/569/pdf/569/Muscle%20cramps.pdf Muscle cramps]
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Revision as of 14:50, 30 July 2023

Original Editor - Habibu Salisu Badamasi.

Top Contributors - Habibu Salisu Badamasi and Matt Huey

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