Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS): Difference between revisions
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== Clinically Relevant Anatomy | == Introduction/Definition == | ||
Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) is one of several Mast Cell diseases (MCD) with a growing number of diagnoses each year. Although MCAS is a form of immune response, it has correlations with other orthopedic diseases. While MCAS has been recognized for many decades, there is still much research needed in order to understand the triggers, links, and connections to other illnesses. | |||
Mast cells are white blood cells that are well known for IgE mediated allergies as in food allergies, venom allergies from bee/wasp, insect bites, asthma and when extremely heightened anaphylaxis. | |||
Mast cells, in addition to the allergic response, have many other functions in the cell and are responsible for homeostasis, phagocytosis, cytokine and chemokine production, and the immediate release of vasoactive substances.<ref>1.Valent P, Akin C, Bonadonna P, Hartmann K, Brockow K, Niedoszytko M, Nedoszytko B, Siebenhaar F, Sperr WR, Oude Elberink JNG, Butterfield JH, Alvarez-Twose I, Sotlar K, Reiter A, Kluin-Nelemans HC, Hermine O, Gotlib J, Broesby-Olsen S, Orfao A, Horny HP, Triggiani M, Arock M, Schwartz LB, Metcalfe DD. Proposed Diagnostic Algorithm for Patients with Suspected Mast Cell Activation Syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019 Apr;7(4):1125-1133.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.01.006. Epub 2019 Feb </ref> | |||
Mast cells are found ''within'' tissues as opposed to other immune cells which are located outside of cells and are surrounding nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels. | |||
Mast cells coordinate an immune response to pathogens through surface receptors, receptors for adenosine phosphate, estrogen, and immunoglobulins, physical stimuli (pressure and temperature), and toxins. | |||
When the cells are activated they synthesize more mediators and release histamine and proteases which leads to o increased production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes which are lipid-derived mediators and many pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemo lines. | |||
2 types of MC: | |||
# MCT - connective tissue, skin peritoneal cavity (T for tryptase in the granules) they express interleukin-5 and 6 | |||
# MCTCgut and respiratory mucosa (TC for tryptase adn chymase) and express interleukin-4 (signal 2011) | |||
== Clinically Relevant Anatomy == | |||
add text here relating to '''''clinically relevant''''' anatomy of the condition<br> | add text here relating to '''''clinically relevant''''' anatomy of the condition<br> | ||
Revision as of 20:29, 25 November 2022
Top Contributors - Zeina Grifoni, Lucinda hampton, Carina Therese Magtibay and Kim Jackson
Introduction/Definition[edit | edit source]
Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) is one of several Mast Cell diseases (MCD) with a growing number of diagnoses each year. Although MCAS is a form of immune response, it has correlations with other orthopedic diseases. While MCAS has been recognized for many decades, there is still much research needed in order to understand the triggers, links, and connections to other illnesses.
Mast cells are white blood cells that are well known for IgE mediated allergies as in food allergies, venom allergies from bee/wasp, insect bites, asthma and when extremely heightened anaphylaxis.
Mast cells, in addition to the allergic response, have many other functions in the cell and are responsible for homeostasis, phagocytosis, cytokine and chemokine production, and the immediate release of vasoactive substances.[1]
Mast cells are found within tissues as opposed to other immune cells which are located outside of cells and are surrounding nerves, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.
Mast cells coordinate an immune response to pathogens through surface receptors, receptors for adenosine phosphate, estrogen, and immunoglobulins, physical stimuli (pressure and temperature), and toxins.
When the cells are activated they synthesize more mediators and release histamine and proteases which leads to o increased production of prostaglandins and leukotrienes which are lipid-derived mediators and many pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemo lines.
2 types of MC:
- MCT - connective tissue, skin peritoneal cavity (T for tryptase in the granules) they express interleukin-5 and 6
- MCTCgut and respiratory mucosa (TC for tryptase adn chymase) and express interleukin-4 (signal 2011)
Clinically Relevant Anatomy[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to clinically relevant anatomy of the condition
Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process
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Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Procedures[edit | edit source]
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Outcome Measures[edit | edit source]
add links to outcome measures here (see Outcome Measures Database)
Management / Interventions
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Differential Diagnosis
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add text here relating to the differential diagnosis of this condition
Resources
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References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.Valent P, Akin C, Bonadonna P, Hartmann K, Brockow K, Niedoszytko M, Nedoszytko B, Siebenhaar F, Sperr WR, Oude Elberink JNG, Butterfield JH, Alvarez-Twose I, Sotlar K, Reiter A, Kluin-Nelemans HC, Hermine O, Gotlib J, Broesby-Olsen S, Orfao A, Horny HP, Triggiani M, Arock M, Schwartz LB, Metcalfe DD. Proposed Diagnostic Algorithm for Patients with Suspected Mast Cell Activation Syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2019 Apr;7(4):1125-1133.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2019.01.006. Epub 2019 Feb
