Kaposi Sarcoma: Difference between revisions
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== Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process == | == Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process == | ||
Human herpesvirus/Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (HHV-8) was discovered as a causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma as the AIDS epidemic progressed in the 1980s.<ref name=":0" /> | Human herpesvirus/Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (HHV-8) was discovered as a causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma as the AIDS epidemic progressed in the 1980s.<ref name=":0" /> HHV-8 interferes with many normal cell functions and requires cofactors like cytokines or specific proteins to result in the development of Kaposi sarcoma.<ref>Mariggiò G, Koch S, Schulz TF. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5597742/ Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus pathogenesis]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2017 Oct 19;372(1732):20160275.</ref> | ||
HHV-8 interferes with many normal cell functions and requires cofactors like cytokines or specific proteins to result in the development of Kaposi sarcoma.<ref>Mariggiò G, Koch S, Schulz TF. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5597742/ Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus pathogenesis]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2017 Oct 19;372(1732):20160275.</ref> | |||
== Clinical Presentation == | == Clinical Presentation == | ||
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<br> | <br> | ||
== Diagnostic Procedures == | == Diagnostic Procedures Histological Diagnosis == | ||
Biopsy<ref>Lebbe C, Garbe C, Stratigos AJ, Harwood C, Peris K, Del Marmol V, Malvehy J, Zalaudek I, Hoeller C, Dummer R, Forsea AM. [https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/271325/1-s2.0-S0959804919X00088/1-s2.0-S0959804919301364/am.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEJH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJIMEYCIQCBPgOyt6qMYbC0u5oe0K94OCfAdh9TnoCUdmYpN6jAJgIhAOWhBxgp2xugjBoKKHplLHn%2BX1ImQE9o233ySQI2%2FytjKrwFCOr%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEQBRoMMDU5MDAzNTQ2ODY1IgxUMizW5qMU4e1veuoqkAUUC0YfyBfGqOhe0YC1VL6lU2uFf1NWpQPsS25SF0uIGe5kE25geB27k1b6EoT%2F4piN3QJHWF0iRtECGT2juxFGXgvx6JevIiyQ4US3ZACoeoqr1xxQazq0i4GKK0xIP203pApSMV4IRWXzr1QGY0usw%2F7Pz6gUwyr7ZjiW%2FZlJRyaQMTkCCzcj6JFutDRNB08IFlO%2FZO7kvE5P5%2B%2BXHCfT04gaiU9oXtemchcedsodDxVTpPGMJmiPE3ZQyt77faPcLBTe1nZ9fHUg7Xm91CL1qH5ilom0ieSpmycurRxEPz%2B1fbjnh%2FeZZWKfygVp12xOt4ROYB3AmbRPpsIjHwNFI8oyHzhTbEzUcZWmFuVGImCazmk22cwb%2FaeV3TuTPdZwUPmBIjjorh9ljJp%2BM9V0ebzdsXg4soZRJ9QzF0mMSmOz45En%2FQTo6KsDkRmNQUns9xWtzp6g1Sq%2B8lv%2FlnN4yO9UojsnNp5Delfk%2Fd2R7rf3HOIcy0Lgy8Nfu31A4fRfBNX1dHBT3KumlQmI5bpJiP6i059JDbufAAUyskAG9Ot5%2BI23WGmAas3Z8xjVyDJcYI%2BZC9WAJXjtivrdxkGb%2B16%2FhlsG01Hjj4yXrYIHUYAMZ83T2CcymxQPzJXggsd4dWOT13j6%2Fj9%2FVEjD9XqBaAjmRHo%2BHk5Rg6y1Z%2FMd6YCkeSPXw8j5Va8GLF05a7DM0E7R%2FoF8GJFLp%2BhCX9juokJyXMfse0NBIjd8nUMdy6jslLSxq8Z8IpmD4M%2BDrO%2FPZsBcNEoE1C1gd6U1XK1Y%2BrLQUHOBrZ9Phm8ojreTDxBbIaBl2%2FQGqbrrC2YorE170K7TKF78YftHvbqfOt7zBWfAKBDKhh5ejSuv8lbHcjDkj6GrBjqwASLofXmFeXpjArqeAmMBBexZjXcae2g5lTkEVfHcTkUM5F4x5OS5HGKCdMGVfnGCSPHqsaKw6%2BeYfMg3QbKigS15Qr5pqgG3pzeP7%2FyoE%2FYfMi%2BbqlmWya%2B6EXfhkSmWKjvG8%2BiKdLjPVeAxctm%2BtsGcr1tIMD8aqI9WqYg%2BhkjK%2FDGKGz%2BLv5MphM8hQTAUfofUdmq82UDvUBMY7xf64WksELsss4r6AuBDRtv5h98q&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20231130T091725Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAQ3PHCVTYSFFB5XHV%2F20231130%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=55a6db50b62221263c1e0cab9f778154bb36fa66991155563a4cfbc31355efc3&hash=e6defca7f82e87dc3de53aaaf7f7297904bfb396bba0abc36b2b2b5be67f5e26&host=68042c943591013ac2b2430a89b270f6af2c76d8dfd086a07176afe7c76c2c61&pii=S0959804919301364&tid=pdf-f2cd7634-7ffa-4619-a281-da8e9528166e&sid=e6584ba54eee094e0b8a0d8299c9c0a191e0gxrqa&type=client Diagnosis and treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma: European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline (EDF/EADO/EORTC).] European Journal of Cancer. 2019 Jun 1;114:117-27.</ref> | |||
=== HHV-8 Diagnostic Tools === | |||
Serology | |||
PCR | |||
== Outcome Measures == | == Outcome Measures == | ||
Revision as of 11:15, 30 November 2023
This article or area is currently under construction and may only be partially complete. Please come back soon to see the finished work! (30/11/2023)
Original Editor - Carina Therese Magtibay
Top Contributors - Carina Therese Magtibay and Ines Musabyemariya
Top Contributors - Carina Therese Magtibay and Ines Musabyemariya
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a soft tissue tumor that affects immunocompromised people including organ transplant recipients and people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDs).[1][2]
Moritz Kaposi, an Austro-Hungarian dermatologist, first published "Idiopathisches multiples Pigmentsarkom der Haut" in 1872. He reported several cases of a multifocal pigmented sarcoma of the skin in elderly European men, all of whom died within a span of two years.[2][3]
Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process[edit | edit source]
Human herpesvirus/Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (HHV-8) was discovered as a causative agent of Kaposi sarcoma as the AIDS epidemic progressed in the 1980s.[1] HHV-8 interferes with many normal cell functions and requires cofactors like cytokines or specific proteins to result in the development of Kaposi sarcoma.[4]
Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
There are four forms of KS:[1]
- Classic KS- presents in individuals without HIV infection in older men, typically occurring in elderly men of Mediterranean and Eastern European descent on the lower extremities.
- Endemic KS is found in sub-Saharan Africa and has generalized lymph node involvement in children.
- HIV-related KS - commonly occurring with patients not taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Manifestations include diffuse involvement of the skin and internal organs
- Iatrogenic KS - seen in patients treated with immunosuppressive therapy, especially organ transplant recipients. This subtype presents with diffuse involvement of the skin and internal organs.
Diagnostic Procedures Histological Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
Biopsy[5]
HHV-8 Diagnostic Tools[edit | edit source]
Serology
PCR
Outcome Measures[edit | edit source]
add links to outcome measures here (see Outcome Measures Database)
Management / Interventions
[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to management approaches to the condition
Differential Diagnosis
[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to the differential diagnosis of this condition
Resources
[edit | edit source]
add appropriate resources here
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Bishop BN, Lynch DT. Kaposi sarcoma. InStatPearls [Internet] 2022 Jun 11. StatPearls Publishing.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cesarman E, Damania B, Krown SE, Martin J, Bower M, Whitby D. Kaposi sarcoma. Nature reviews Disease primers. 2019 Jan 31;5(1):9.
- ↑ Kaposi. Idiopathisches multiples pigmentsarkom der haut. Archiv für Dermatologie und Syphilis. 1872 Jun;4:265-73.
- ↑ Mariggiò G, Koch S, Schulz TF. Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus pathogenesis. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 2017 Oct 19;372(1732):20160275.
- ↑ Lebbe C, Garbe C, Stratigos AJ, Harwood C, Peris K, Del Marmol V, Malvehy J, Zalaudek I, Hoeller C, Dummer R, Forsea AM. Diagnosis and treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma: European consensus-based interdisciplinary guideline (EDF/EADO/EORTC). European Journal of Cancer. 2019 Jun 1;114:117-27.
