Flexion Initiation Test: Difference between revisions

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=== Purpose ===
=== Purpose ===
The Flexion Initiation Test is a diagnostic test for Distal Biceps Tendon Tears.
The '''Flexion Initiation Test (FIT)''' is a diagnostic test for Distal [[Biceps brachii|Biceps]] Tendon Tears.


=== Technique ===
=== Technique ===
Step 1. Patient position in sitting or standing position.
'''Step 1.''' Patient position in sitting or standing position.


Step 2. Patient’s arm is positioned in complete extension and supination.
'''Step 2.''' Patient’s arm is positioned in complete extension and supination.


Step 3. Examiner applies resistance on the palmar wrist, then ask the patient to flex the elbow against resistance.
'''Step 3.''' Examiner applies resistance on the palmar wrist, then ask the patient to flex the elbow against resistance.


Step 3. Positive test indicates when patient unable to first 10 to 15 degree of the elbow flexion.
'''Step 4.''' Positive test indicates when patient unable to first 10 to 15 degree of the elbow flexion.


=== Evidence ===
=== Evidence ===
In 2021, the Evidence-Based Diagnostic Algorithm study was done in 125 patients. the study shows the flexion initiating test has  
In 2021, the Evidence-Based Diagnostic Algorithm study was done in 125 patients. the study shows the flexion initiating test (FIT)  has  
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!Overall
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!Complete tear and high grade partial tear
!Complete tear and high grade partial tear
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also, in this study shows using both hook test and flexion initiating test have high accuracy for the examine both complete and high  grade partial tear of Distal Biceps Tendon Tears
<small>''See the [[Test Diagnostics|test diagnostics]] page for an explanation of statistics.''</small>


FIT, which is aimed at improving diagnostic acuity of high-grade partial thickness tears, demonstrated a 93% sensitivity and 96% specificity overall and a 100% sensitivity for complete ruptures and high-grade partial tears. The evidence-based diagnostic algorithm using the combination of the FIT and hook test demonstrates high accuracy for the diagnosis of both complete and high-grade partial DBTTs. The methodology may help to prevent diagnosis delays, improve patient education, and preserve the option for timely primary surgical repair in the treatment of DBTTs.
also, in this study shows using both [[Elbow Hook Test|hook test]] and flexion initiating test have high accuracy for examine both complete and high grade partial tear of Distal Biceps Tendon Tears. The methodology may help to prevent diagnosis delays, improve patient education, and preserve the option for timely primary surgical repair in the treatment of Distal Biceps Tendon Tears (DBTTs).<ref>Bono OJ, Shah SS, Peterson J, Golenbock SW, Ross G. The Flexion Initiation Test and an Evidence-Based Diagnostic Algorithm for Distal Biceps Tendon Tears. ''Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil''. 2021;3(3):e721-e726. Published 2021 Mar 13. doi:10.1016/j.asmr.2021.01.010</ref>
 
{| class="wikitable"
The FIT, which is aimed at improving diagnostic acuity of high-grade partial thickness tears, demonstrated a 93% sensitivity and 96% specificity overall and a 100% sensitivity for complete ruptures and high-grade partial tears. The evidence-based diagnostic algorithm using the combination of the FIT and hook test demonstrates high accuracy for the diagnosis of both complete and high-grade partial DBTTs. The methodology may help to prevent diagnosis delays, improve patient education, and preserve the option for timely primary surgical repair in the treatment of DBTTs.
|+
|}
also, in this study shows using both hook test and flexion initiating test have high accuracy for the examine both complete and high grade partial tear of Distal Biceps Tendon Tears. The methodology may help to prevent diagnosis delays, improve patient education, and preserve the option for timely primary surgical repair in the treatment of Distal Biceps Tendon Tears (DBTTs).

Revision as of 19:27, 28 September 2021

Purpose[edit | edit source]

The Flexion Initiation Test (FIT) is a diagnostic test for Distal Biceps Tendon Tears.

Technique[edit | edit source]

Step 1. Patient position in sitting or standing position.

Step 2. Patient’s arm is positioned in complete extension and supination.

Step 3. Examiner applies resistance on the palmar wrist, then ask the patient to flex the elbow against resistance.

Step 4. Positive test indicates when patient unable to first 10 to 15 degree of the elbow flexion.

Evidence[edit | edit source]

In 2021, the Evidence-Based Diagnostic Algorithm study was done in 125 patients. the study shows the flexion initiating test (FIT) has

Overall Complete tear and high grade partial tear
sensitivity 93% sensitivity 100%
specificity 96%

See the test diagnostics page for an explanation of statistics.

also, in this study shows using both hook test and flexion initiating test have high accuracy for examine both complete and high grade partial tear of Distal Biceps Tendon Tears. The methodology may help to prevent diagnosis delays, improve patient education, and preserve the option for timely primary surgical repair in the treatment of Distal Biceps Tendon Tears (DBTTs).[1]

also, in this study shows using both hook test and flexion initiating test have high accuracy for the examine both complete and high grade partial tear of Distal Biceps Tendon Tears. The methodology may help to prevent diagnosis delays, improve patient education, and preserve the option for timely primary surgical repair in the treatment of Distal Biceps Tendon Tears (DBTTs).

  1. ↑ Bono OJ, Shah SS, Peterson J, Golenbock SW, Ross G. The Flexion Initiation Test and an Evidence-Based Diagnostic Algorithm for Distal Biceps Tendon Tears. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil. 2021;3(3):e721-e726. Published 2021 Mar 13. doi:10.1016/j.asmr.2021.01.010
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