Family of Participation-related Construct: Difference between revisions

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== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
Family of Participation-related Construct (fPRC) is a framework proposed by researchers as an alternative to the ICF-CY framework.  the fPRC acknowledges that participation is not solely based on an individual's ability, but is influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and considers their individual, family and social context.<ref>Kaelin V, Bosak DL, Villegas VC, Imms C, Khetani M. Participation-Focused strategy use among caregivers of children receiving early intervention. American Journal of Occupational Therapy [Internet]. 2020 Dec 16;75(1):7501205090p1–11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2021.041962
Family of Participation-related Construct (fPRC) is a framework proposed by researchers as an alternative to the [[International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF)|International Classification of Function (ICF)]] framework, which is developed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to help understand health with consideration of an individual's contextual factors<ref>Farzad M, Layeghi F, Hosseini SA, Hamidreza K, Asgari A. Are the Domains Considered by ICF Comprehensive Enough to Conceptualize Participation in the Patient with Hand Injuries? Journal of Hand and Microsurgery [Internet]. 2017 Nov 29;09(03):139–53. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29302138/</ref>. In the ICF framework, 'participation' is refered to the involvement in society<ref>Farzad M, Layeghi F, Hosseini SA, Hamidreza K, Asgari A. Are the Domains Considered by ICF Comprehensive Enough to Conceptualize Participation in the Patient with Hand Injuries? Journal of Hand and Microsurgery [Internet]. 2017 Nov 29;09(03):139–53. Available from: <nowiki>https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29302138/</nowiki></ref>. However, researchers have found that the definition of the participation domain in the ICF framework lacks consistency in research<ref name=":1">Imms C, Adair B, Keen D, Ullenhag A, Rosenbaum P, Granlund M. ‘Participation’: a systematic review of language, definitions, and constructs used in intervention research with children with disabilities. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology [Internet]. 2015 Sep 28;58(1):29–38. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.12932</ref>, and does not clearly differentiate between 'activity' and 'participation' within the classification <ref name=":1" />. The understanding of participation is necessary for research and in practice, as partcipation promote well-being and development, especially in children<ref name=":2">Wright A, Roberts R, Bowman G, Crettenden A. Barriers and facilitators to physical activity participation for children with physical disability: comparing and contrasting the views of children, young people, and their clinicians. Disability and Rehabilitation [Internet]. 2018 Jan 30;41(13):1499–507. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29382235/</ref>. Furthermore, actual participation often do not meet the recommended physical activity level, especially  in individuals with chornic health conditions<ref name=":2" />. The fPRC acknowledges that participation is not solely based on an individual's ability or skills, but is influenced by both intrinsic factors, such as an individual's activity competence, sense of self and personal preferences, and extrinsic factors, including environmental and contextual factors<ref name=":1" />. The fPRC is useful assisting clinicians identify barriers and facilitators to participation<ref>Kaelin V, Bosak DL, Villegas VC, Imms C, Khetani M. Participation-Focused strategy use among caregivers of children receiving early intervention. American Journal of Occupational Therapy [Internet]. 2020 Dec 16;75(1):7501205090p1–11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2021.041962</ref>.
 
</ref>
 
* ICF
 
* gap: participation construct unclear in intervention research<ref>Imms C, Adair B, Keen D, Ullenhag A, Rosenbaum P, Granlund M. ‘Participation’: a systematic review of language, definitions, and constructs used in intervention research with children with disabilities. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology [Internet]. 2015 Sep 28;58(1):29–38. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.12932</ref>
* importance of understanding family participation within different context<ref>Wright A, Roberts R, Bowman G, Crettenden A. Barriers and facilitators to physical activity participation for children with physical disability: comparing and contrasting the views of children, young people, and their clinicians. Disability and Rehabilitation [Internet]. 2018 Jan 30;41(13):1499–507. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29382235/</ref>
** family participation promote well-being and development in young children
** gaps between recommended physical activity level and actual participation
** barriers and facilitators of participation
* overview of components of the fPRC:


== Components of the fPRC<ref name=":0" /> ==
== Components of the fPRC<ref name=":0" /> ==

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Introduction[edit | edit source]

Family of Participation-related Construct (fPRC) is a framework proposed by researchers as an alternative to the International Classification of Function (ICF) framework, which is developed by the World Health Organisation (WHO) to help understand health with consideration of an individual's contextual factors[1]. In the ICF framework, 'participation' is refered to the involvement in society[2]. However, researchers have found that the definition of the participation domain in the ICF framework lacks consistency in research[3], and does not clearly differentiate between 'activity' and 'participation' within the classification [3]. The understanding of participation is necessary for research and in practice, as partcipation promote well-being and development, especially in children[4]. Furthermore, actual participation often do not meet the recommended physical activity level, especially in individuals with chornic health conditions[4]. The fPRC acknowledges that participation is not solely based on an individual's ability or skills, but is influenced by both intrinsic factors, such as an individual's activity competence, sense of self and personal preferences, and extrinsic factors, including environmental and contextual factors[3]. The fPRC is useful assisting clinicians identify barriers and facilitators to participation[5].

Components of the fPRC[6][edit | edit source]

interplay of intrinsic and extrinsic factors

Extrinsic Factors[edit | edit source]

Environment/ context[edit | edit source]

  • physical, social economical, cultural and institutioal context on participation
  • importance to understand following: preference, sense of self and activity competence within the family

Intrinsic Factors[edit | edit source]

Preferences[edit | edit source]

  • what is preference and how it impact participation
  • individual factors
    • interest, values?
    • what is important for the family
  • environmental factors
    • cultural influences
    • accessibility/ opportunities
  • implication: identifying preference, accommodating

Sense of Self[edit | edit source]

  • what is sense of self and how it impact participation
  • perception of themselves: identity, roles, values, beliefs
  • self esteem/ confidence
  • implication: promoting, validating,

Activity Competence[edit | edit source]

  • what is activity competence and how it impact participation
  • same as ICF-CY[6]
  • capability and capacity[6](physical and cognitive)
  • perceived ability to participate/ perform
  • skills, knoelwdge, confidence
  • implication: self efficacy, skills development (physical and cognitive), recognise strength and limitations,

Participation[edit | edit source]

  • what is participation? distinguish attendence, onvolvement and engagement
  • What is the significance within family dynamics?

Attendance[edit | edit source]

  • definition
  • characteristics, example: physical presence, limited interaction/ contribution
  • factors affecting: external factors, preference and motivation

Involvement[edit | edit source]

  • definition
  • characteristics, example: active participation, contribution to activity completion or progress
  • factors affecting: interest, imporatance of activity

Engagement[edit | edit source]

  • definition
  • characteristics and example: level of active participation and interaction, emotional investment, commitment
  • factors affecting: connection, belonging, alignment to indivisual beliefs

Resources[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Farzad M, Layeghi F, Hosseini SA, Hamidreza K, Asgari A. Are the Domains Considered by ICF Comprehensive Enough to Conceptualize Participation in the Patient with Hand Injuries? Journal of Hand and Microsurgery [Internet]. 2017 Nov 29;09(03):139–53. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29302138/
  2. ↑ Farzad M, Layeghi F, Hosseini SA, Hamidreza K, Asgari A. Are the Domains Considered by ICF Comprehensive Enough to Conceptualize Participation in the Patient with Hand Injuries? Journal of Hand and Microsurgery [Internet]. 2017 Nov 29;09(03):139–53. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29302138/
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Imms C, Adair B, Keen D, Ullenhag A, Rosenbaum P, Granlund M. ‘Participation’: a systematic review of language, definitions, and constructs used in intervention research with children with disabilities. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology [Internet]. 2015 Sep 28;58(1):29–38. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.12932
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Wright A, Roberts R, Bowman G, Crettenden A. Barriers and facilitators to physical activity participation for children with physical disability: comparing and contrasting the views of children, young people, and their clinicians. Disability and Rehabilitation [Internet]. 2018 Jan 30;41(13):1499–507. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29382235/
  5. ↑ Kaelin V, Bosak DL, Villegas VC, Imms C, Khetani M. Participation-Focused strategy use among caregivers of children receiving early intervention. American Journal of Occupational Therapy [Internet]. 2020 Dec 16;75(1):7501205090p1–11. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5014/ajot.2021.041962
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Imms C, Granlund M, Wilson PH, Steenbergen B, Rosenbaum P, Gordon AM. Participation, both a means and an end: a conceptual analysis of processes and outcomes in childhood disability. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology [Internet]. 2016 Sep 19;59(1):16–25. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13237
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