Dehydration: Difference between revisions
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Dehydration is most commonly found in the elderly, infants, people with fever, and the chronically ill. Children are most affected in the first two years of their life and 2.2 million will die in this year. <ref name="Rehydrate">Dehydration: Why is it so dangerous? Rehydrate website. 2012. Available at: rehydrate.org/dehydration/index.html. Accessed March 15, 2013.</ref> | Dehydration is most commonly found in the elderly, infants, people with fever, and the chronically ill. Children are most affected in the first two years of their life and 2.2 million will die in this year. <ref name="Rehydrate">Dehydration: Why is it so dangerous? Rehydrate website. 2012. Available at: rehydrate.org/dehydration/index.html. Accessed March 15, 2013.</ref> | ||
== Characteristics/Clinical Presentation <ref name="Rehydrate" /> == | == Characteristics/Clinical Presentation <ref name="Rehydrate" /> == | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: | {| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" style="width: 699px; height: 460px;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Mild Dehydration<br> | | Mild Dehydration<br> | ||
| Moderate Dehydration<br> | | Moderate Dehydration<br> | ||
| Severe Dehydration<br> | | Severe Dehydration<br> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
*flushed face<br> | *flushed face<br> | ||
*extreme thirst<br> | *extreme thirst<br> | ||
*dry, warm skin<br> | *dry, warm skin<br> | ||
*cannot pass urine, or dark and yellow<br> | *cannot pass urine, or dark and yellow<br> | ||
*dizziness made worse in standing<br> | *dizziness made worse in standing<br> | ||
*weakness<br> | *weakness<br> | ||
*cramping in arms and legs<br> | *cramping in arms and legs<br> | ||
*crying with few or no tears<br> | *crying with few or no tears<br> | ||
*sleepy or irritable<br> | *sleepy or irritable<br> | ||
*unwell<br> | *unwell<br> | ||
*headaches<br> | *headaches<br> | ||
*dry mout, dry tongue; with thick saliva<br> | *dry mout, dry tongue; with thick saliva<br> | ||
| | | | ||
*low BP<br> | *low BP<br> | ||
*fainting<br> | *fainting<br> | ||
*severe muscle contractions in arms, legs, stomach, and back<br> | *severe muscle contractions in arms, legs, stomach, and back<br> | ||
*convulsions<br> | *convulsions<br> | ||
*bloated stomach<br> | *bloated stomach<br> | ||
*heart failure<br> | *heart failure<br> | ||
*sunken fontanelle (soft spot on infant's head)<br> | *sunken fontanelle (soft spot on infant's head)<br> | ||
*sunken dry eyes<br> | *sunken dry eyes<br> | ||
*skin loses firmness and looks wrinkled<br> | *skin loses firmness and looks wrinkled<br> | ||
*lack of elasticity of skin<br> | *lack of elasticity of skin<br> | ||
*rapid and deep breathing<br> | *rapid and deep breathing<br> | ||
*fast, weak pulse<br> | *fast, weak pulse<br> | ||
| | | | ||
*effects are more pronounced<br> | *effects are more pronounced<br> | ||
*hypovolaemic shock | *hypovolaemic shock <br> | ||
*death may occur<br> | *death may occur<br> | ||
|} | |} | ||
<br> | <br> <br> | ||
<br> | |||
== Associated Co-morbidities == | == Associated Co-morbidities == | ||
Revision as of 18:19, 15 March 2013
Original Editors - Jordan Dellamano & Daniel McCoy from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
Lead Editors - Your name will be added here if you are a lead editor on this page. Read more.
Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
Dehydration occurs when you lose more fluid than you take in, and your body doesn't have enough water and other fluids to carry out its normal functions. Young children, older adults, the ill and chronically ill are especially susceptible.
You can usually reverse mild to moderate dehydration by drinking more fluids, but severe dehydration needs immediate medical treatment. [1]
There are three main types of dehydration: hypotonic (primarily a loss of electrolytes), hypertonic (primarily loss of water), and isotonic (equal loss of water and electrolytes). The most commonly seen in humans is isotonic. [2]
Prevalence[edit | edit source]
Dehydration is most commonly found in the elderly, infants, people with fever, and the chronically ill. Children are most affected in the first two years of their life and 2.2 million will die in this year. [3]
Characteristics/Clinical Presentation [3][edit | edit source]
| Mild Dehydration |
Moderate Dehydration |
Severe Dehydration |
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Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
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Medications[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
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Etiology/Causes[edit | edit source]
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Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Case Reports/ Case Studies[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
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- ↑ MayoClinic. Dehydration. Mayoclinic website. 2011. Available at: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/dehydration/DS00561. Accessed March 15, 2013.
- ↑ Dehydration-What is Dehydration?. News-medical website. Available at: http://www.news-medical.net/health/Dehydration-What-is-Dehydration.aspx. Accessed on March 15, 2013.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Dehydration: Why is it so dangerous? Rehydrate website. 2012. Available at: rehydrate.org/dehydration/index.html. Accessed March 15, 2013.
