Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ)

Ro- Hageman

Top Contributors - {{Special - {{Special:Contributors/ULLPAGENAME}}<no}}</div> ==Purpose== The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) is one of the most commonly used assessment tools for paediatric [[Sleep: Theory, Function and Physiology|sleep]]<ref name=":0">Owens JA, Spirito A, McGuinn M. The Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ): psychometric properties of a survey instrument for school-aged children. Sleep. 2000; 23(8): 1043–51</ref>. It is used both in research and in the clinical field. The CSHQ is a 45-item questionnaire completed by parents, aimed at assessing the frequency of behaviours associated with common sleep difficulties in children. This retrospective measure requires parents to indicate how often their child has exhibited various sleep behaviours over the past week. The responses are used to generate eight subscales that correspond to typical sleep issues experienced by children: bedtime resistance, sleep onset delay, sleep duration, sleep anxiety, night wakings, [[Sleep Deprivation and Sleep Disorders|parasomnias]], sleep disordered breathing, and daytime sleepiness. ==Intended population== *Typically developing children with sleep problems<ref name=":0" /><ref>Goodlin-Jones BL, Sitnick SL, Tang K, Liu J, Anders TF. The Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire in Toddlers and Preschool Children. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics. 2008; 29(2): 82-88</ref> *Infants with sleep problems<ref name=":1">Dias CC, Figueiredo B, Pinto TM. Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire - Infant Version. Jornal de Pediatrica. 2018; 94(2): 146-154</ref> *Children with [[Autism Spectrum Disorder|Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)]]: but the traditional scoring system should be used with some caution in this population<ref>Johnson CR, DeMand A, Lecavalier L, Smith T, Aman M, Foldes E, Scahill L. Psychometric properties of the children's sleep habits questionnaire in children with autism spectrum disorder. Sleep Medicine. 2016; 20: 5-11</ref>. *Children with [[Attention Deficit Disorders|Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)]]<ref>Parreira AF, Martins A, Ribeiro F, Silva FG. Clinical [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328702473_Clinical_Validation_of_the_Portuguese_Children_Sleep_Habits_Questionnaire_CSHQ-PT_in_children_with_sleep_disorders_and_ADHD Validation of the Portuguese Version of the Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-PT) in Children with Sleep Disorder and ADHD]. Acta Med Port. 2019; 32(3): 195-201</ref> ==Technique== {{#ev:youtube|GOMviRM7wn0}}This video gives an example of the use of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire.<ref>Kinsey Johnson. Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GOMviRM7wn0 [Last accessed 25-03-2024]</ref> ==Scoring== Each question on the questionnaire is rated on a 3-point scale based on the frequency of occurrence within the past week<ref name=":2">Markovich AN, Gendron MA, Corkum PV. [https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00188/full#B1 Validation the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire Against Polysomnography and Actigrahpy in School-Aged Children]. Frontiers in Psychiatry. 2015; 5</ref>. Responses are categorized as <nowiki>''usually'' (5-7 times within the past week), ''sometimes'' (2-4 times within the past week), or ''rarely (never of 1 time within the past week). Some items on the questionnaire are reverse-scored, ensuring that higher scores consistently indicate problem behaviours.

All responses are totaled to create a Total Sleep Disturbance index (range from 33-99), with a score exceeding 41 suggesting the presence of a paediatric sleep disorder.

Psychometric values

• The CSHQ had an acceptable internal consistency of 0.68 and 0.78
• Test-retest of the subscales range from 0.62 - 0.79
• Sensitivity: 0.80
• Specificity: 0.72
• Validation in other countries:
  • Brazil: satisfactory equivalence for the original English form
  • China: basically acceptable reliability, except for night-time awakenings and sleep duration subscales
  • Portugal: comparable to the versions of other countries
  • The Netherlands: adequate reliability and moderate internal consistency
  • Spain: adequate psychometric properties
  • Greece: moderate internal consistency and moderate intraclass correlation
  • Indonesia: good internal consistency
  • Italy: good internal consistency
  • Iran: good reliability and validity
  • Japan: adequate internal consistency
• The psychometric values for the infant version are:
  • Good test-retest reliability
  • Good internal consistency
  • Good concurrent validity

References