Cardiac Myxoma

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Top Contributors - Tahreem Tarique and Kim Jackson

Introduction[edit | edit source]

The benign tumor known as myxoma develops from connective tissue. Cardiac myxomas are the most common type of myxomas, which are present in the heart. In the left atrium, 75% of myxomas are located, where they originate from a stalk connected to the atrial septum followed by the right atrium with 20% and the ventricles with 8%.[1]The prevalence of atrial myxomas is maximum in the fourth and sixth decade of life and mostly affects females. There are relatively few pediatric patients who have had atrial myxoma.[2]

Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]

The following three symptoms of the common triad are seen in patients:

1. Obstructive Symptoms:[edit | edit source]

If the patient has a left-sided myxoma, the mitral valve will get blocked, resulting in left-sided heart failure, which will lead to orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, and pulmonary edema. Consequently, tricuspid stenosis and right heart failure develop in the right-sided myxoma. Typical symptoms include ascites, hepatomegaly, pedal edema, and exercise-induced dyspnea.

2. Thromboembolic Symptoms:[edit | edit source]

Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]

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Diagnostic Procedures[edit | edit source]

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Outcome Measures[edit | edit source]

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Management / Interventions
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Differential Diagnosis
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Resources
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References[edit | edit source]

  1. Jain M, Harjpal P, Yadav V, Kovela RK, Vardhan V. Early Rehabilitation for Cerebellar Complications Following Left Atrial Myxoma Excision: A Stitch in Time Saves Nine. Cureus [Internet]. [cited 2022 Nov 25];14(9):e28773. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9531849/
  2. Nguyen T, Vaidya Y. Atrial Myxoma [Internet]. PubMed. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556040/

  1. Jain M, Harjpal P, Yadav V, Kovela RK, Vardhan V. Early rehabilitation for cerebellar complications following left atrial myxoma excision: A stitch in Time saves Nine [Internet]. Cureus. U.S. National Library of Medicine; 2022 [cited 2022Nov25]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9531849/
  2. 1. Nguyen T, Vaidya Y. Atrial Myxoma [Internet]. PubMed. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2021. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556040/ ‌