Cardiac Depression Scale: Difference between revisions
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== Objective == | == Objective == | ||
The scale's main aim is to asess depression in cardiac patient. The CDS was developed as a depression scale primarily to asess depression in a cardica setup and in cardiac | The scale's main aim is to asess depression in cardiac patient. The CDS was developed as a depression scale primarily to asess depression in a cardica setup and in cardiac patient<sup>1</sup>. CDS is a self report 26 item, seven point likert type scale ranging from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree(7). The score can range from a score of 26 to a maximum score of 182. The items 2,4,12,15,19,20 and 23 are reversed scored (1=7, 2=6, 3=5, 4=4, 6=2, 7=1). The higher the score the more depressive symptoms patient will exhibit. | ||
== Intended Population == | == Intended Population == | ||
The traget population is cardiac patients with diagnosed cardiac diseases. The scale has been tested on following population | The traget population is cardiac patients with diagnosed cardiac diseases. The scale has been tested on following population | ||
*Adult cardiac disease patient example includes coronary artery disease, heart failure, post myocardial infarction, valve disease, arrythmias, ischaemic heart disease etc. | *Adult cardiac disease patient example includes coronary artery disease, heart failure, post myocardial infarction, valve disease, arrythmias, ischaemic heart disease etc. | ||
= Method of Use = | = Method of Use = | ||
== Equipment Required == | == Equipment Required == | ||
Test paper and pencil | Test paper and pencil | ||
==== '''General Instructions''' ==== | ==== '''General Instructions''' ==== | ||
The test reqires no formal training. And takes only 5 minutes | |||
The test reqires no formal training. And takes only 5 minutes to administer.The scale is of self report type, so patient is properly instructed to fill the scale ensuring proper scoring. | |||
==== The Scale ==== | |||
The questionnaire consists of a number of statements about the way patient feel at present.<br>Next to each statement there is a rating scale from 1 to 7 for patient to indicate how much you agree or disagree with the statement. | |||
Strongly disagree 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly agree | |||
The scale has 26 questions or statements for which patient marks from 1 to 7 and the final reading is taken. | |||
==== Reliability and Validity ==== | |||
The interrater and the intrarrater reliability has not been established. In a validation study done in UK poulation for CDS. A battery of questionnaires (the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 [SF-36] Health Survey, the Beck Depression Inventory [BDI], the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] and the Cardiac Depression Scale [CDS]) were used to find out the reliability of CDS.The results demonstrated high internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93) and an acceptable test-retest reliability (0.79). Concurrent validation against the SF-36, BDI and HADS demonstrated strong correlations<sup>2</sup>. In an other study CDS was used in men recovering from CABG surgery. The result of study showed Excellent correlation with Beck Depression Inventory (r = 0.751, 0.787, 0.737, 0.819) at baseline, 6, 12, and 36 weeks respectively<sup>3</sup>. | |||
Revision as of 19:56, 16 February 2016
Cardiac Depression Scale [edit | edit source]
Objective [edit | edit source]
The scale's main aim is to asess depression in cardiac patient. The CDS was developed as a depression scale primarily to asess depression in a cardica setup and in cardiac patient1. CDS is a self report 26 item, seven point likert type scale ranging from strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree(7). The score can range from a score of 26 to a maximum score of 182. The items 2,4,12,15,19,20 and 23 are reversed scored (1=7, 2=6, 3=5, 4=4, 6=2, 7=1). The higher the score the more depressive symptoms patient will exhibit.
Intended Population[edit | edit source]
The traget population is cardiac patients with diagnosed cardiac diseases. The scale has been tested on following population
- Adult cardiac disease patient example includes coronary artery disease, heart failure, post myocardial infarction, valve disease, arrythmias, ischaemic heart disease etc.
Method of Use [edit | edit source]
Equipment Required[edit | edit source]
Test paper and pencil
General Instructions[edit | edit source]
The test reqires no formal training. And takes only 5 minutes to administer.The scale is of self report type, so patient is properly instructed to fill the scale ensuring proper scoring.
The Scale[edit | edit source]
The questionnaire consists of a number of statements about the way patient feel at present.
Next to each statement there is a rating scale from 1 to 7 for patient to indicate how much you agree or disagree with the statement.
Strongly disagree 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Strongly agree
The scale has 26 questions or statements for which patient marks from 1 to 7 and the final reading is taken.
Reliability and Validity[edit | edit source]
The interrater and the intrarrater reliability has not been established. In a validation study done in UK poulation for CDS. A battery of questionnaires (the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 [SF-36] Health Survey, the Beck Depression Inventory [BDI], the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS] and the Cardiac Depression Scale [CDS]) were used to find out the reliability of CDS.The results demonstrated high internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93) and an acceptable test-retest reliability (0.79). Concurrent validation against the SF-36, BDI and HADS demonstrated strong correlations2. In an other study CDS was used in men recovering from CABG surgery. The result of study showed Excellent correlation with Beck Depression Inventory (r = 0.751, 0.787, 0.737, 0.819) at baseline, 6, 12, and 36 weeks respectively3.
