Bradykinesia

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Introduction

Bradykinesia is a term used to describe slowness of movement. It usually manifest as difficulty initiating movement , reduced movement and can impact an individual's ability to carry out activities of daily living. Bradykinesia is a classic symptom of Parkinson's disease and can also be a side effect of some medications.

Clinical Presentation

• Hypomimia- loss of or limited facial expressions
• Difficulty with fine motor activities
• Reduced arm swings when walking
• Shuffling steps when walking

Bradykinesia Assessment

Rapid alternating movements in the upper and lower extremity can be used to establish the diagnosis of bradykinesia in a patient. During these movements, the examiner looks out for a decline in the rate and/or amplitude of movement.

Bradykinesia can be assessed with the following test:

• Finger Tapping
• Fist open/close
• Pronation/supination of the hand
• Toe tapping
• Heel tapping