Bowel Considerations with Spinal Cord Injury: Difference between revisions
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===Spastic Bowel=== | ===Spastic Bowel=== | ||
* Observed in people with a SCI above T12 (Upper motor neuron SCI) | |||
* Loss of feel the need to have a bowel movement | |||
* Loss or impairment of voluntary control of the external anal sphincter | |||
* The reflex that makes stool move out of the body is intact and can be stimulated | |||
* Complications include constipation usually with faecal retention but uncontrolled evacuation of the rectum can occur. | |||
===Flaccid Bowel=== | ===Flaccid Bowel=== | ||
* Observed in people with a SCI below T12 (Lower motor neurone SCI) | |||
* Loss of feel the need to have a bowel movement | |||
* Loss or impairment of voluntary control of the external anal sphincter | |||
* Loss of the bowel reflex . The rectum cannot easily empty by itself and the sphincter muscles may relax and stay open. | |||
* Complications include constipation and incontinence | |||
[[File:Bristol stool chart.jpeg|thumb|Bristol stool chart]] | |||
==Bristol Scale== | ==Bristol Scale== | ||
Bristol scale or Bristol Stool Chart is an assessment tool used by healthcare professionals and is designed to classify stools. It helps to diagnose constipation, diarrhoea and irritable bowel syndrome. | |||
==Management of Bowel Dysfunction== | ==Management of Bowel Dysfunction== | ||
<blockquote>"The overall goal of bowel management is to achieve secondary continence with regular and sufficient bowel emptying within an individually acceptable time frame and at the right time according to the patient’s agenda."<ref>Kurze I, Geng V, Böthig R. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8948006/pdf/41393_2022_Article_786.pdf Guideline for the management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction in spinal cord injury/disease.] Spinal Cord. 2022 May;60(5):435-443. </ref> </blockquote> | |||
===Spastic Bowel Management=== | ===Spastic Bowel Management=== | ||
===Flaccid Bowel Mangement=== | ===Flaccid Bowel Mangement=== | ||
== Resources == | == Resources == | ||
* | *Kurze I, Geng V, Böthig R. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8948006/pdf/41393_2022_Article_786.pdf Guideline for the management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction in spinal cord injury/disease.] Spinal Cord. 2022 May;60(5):435-443. | ||
* | * | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
Revision as of 20:40, 20 January 2024
Original Editor - User Name
Top Contributors - Ewa Jaraczewska, Jess Bell and Kim Jackson
Introduction[edit | edit source]
The pattern of bowel dysfunction varies depending on the level of injury. The complications of neurogenic bowel dysfunction include constipation, obstructive defecation, and fecal incontinence.[1] Bowel dysfunction can cause major restrictions in person's social activities and quality of life. [2] There is no single program that can work for every patient, but bladder and bowel dysfunction management program is a fundamental step following the initial spinal cord injury.
This article supplies additional information for the Bladder and Bowel Consideration with Spinal Cord Injury course.
Bowel Dysfunction in Spinal Cord Injury[edit | edit source]
Spastic Bowel[edit | edit source]
- Observed in people with a SCI above T12 (Upper motor neuron SCI)
- Loss of feel the need to have a bowel movement
- Loss or impairment of voluntary control of the external anal sphincter
- The reflex that makes stool move out of the body is intact and can be stimulated
- Complications include constipation usually with faecal retention but uncontrolled evacuation of the rectum can occur.
Flaccid Bowel[edit | edit source]
- Observed in people with a SCI below T12 (Lower motor neurone SCI)
- Loss of feel the need to have a bowel movement
- Loss or impairment of voluntary control of the external anal sphincter
- Loss of the bowel reflex . The rectum cannot easily empty by itself and the sphincter muscles may relax and stay open.
- Complications include constipation and incontinence
Bristol Scale[edit | edit source]
Bristol scale or Bristol Stool Chart is an assessment tool used by healthcare professionals and is designed to classify stools. It helps to diagnose constipation, diarrhoea and irritable bowel syndrome.
Management of Bowel Dysfunction[edit | edit source]
"The overall goal of bowel management is to achieve secondary continence with regular and sufficient bowel emptying within an individually acceptable time frame and at the right time according to the patient’s agenda."[3]
Spastic Bowel Management[edit | edit source]
Flaccid Bowel Mangement[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
- Kurze I, Geng V, Böthig R. Guideline for the management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction in spinal cord injury/disease. Spinal Cord. 2022 May;60(5):435-443.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Hughes M. Bowel management in spinal cord injury patients. Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2014 Sep;27(3):113-5
- ↑ Khadour FA, Khadour YA, Xu J, Meng L, Cui L, Xu T. Effect of neurogenic bowel dysfunction symptoms on quality of life after a spinal cord injury. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18(458).
- ↑ Kurze I, Geng V, Böthig R. Guideline for the management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction in spinal cord injury/disease. Spinal Cord. 2022 May;60(5):435-443.
