Scapulohumeral Rhythm
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Optimal function of the shoulder is reliant on the coordinated movement of the scapula and the humerus. Cite error: Invalid
<ref> tag; name cannot be a simple integer. Use a descriptive title Various studies of the mechanism of the shoulder joint have attempted to describe the global motion capacity of the shoulder and explain the complex interactions between components involved in placing the hand in space.[1] [2] Specifically, the kinematic interaction between the scapula and the humerus was introduced in the 1930s and termed "scapula-humeral rhythm” by Codman.[3]Inman, Saunders and Abbott were the first to measure scapulohumeral rhythm using radiography and suggested what became the widely accepted 2:1 ratio between glenohumeral elevation and scapulothoracic upward rotation (SUR).[4] Since then imaging modalities (X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging)[8], cinematography [9], goniometry [10-12], and more recently 3-dimensional tracking systems [13-16] have been used to gain a better appreciation of shoulder kinematics.
- ↑ Cathcart CW: Movements of the shouLder girdle involved in those of the arm on the trunk. J Anat Physiol 1884; 18:209-218
- ↑ Cleland J: A lecture on the shoulder girdle and its movements. Lancet 1881;1:11-12.
- ↑ Codman EA: The Shoulder,Boston: G.Miller & Company,1934
- ↑ Inman VT, Saunders JB, Abbott LC. Observations of the function of the shoulder joint. 1944. Clin Orthop Relat Res 1996; 330: 3-12
