Hornblower's Sign
Original Editor - Beth Reuschel
Top Contributors - Beth Reuschel, Admin, Kim Jackson, Kapil Narale, Naomi O'Reilly, Kai A. Sigel, WikiSysop, Claire Knott, Wanda van Niekerk, Tony Lowe, Dan Rhon and Evan Thomas
Purpose[edit | edit source]
To test for teres minor tear.
Technique[edit | edit source]
- The patient is in a standing. [1]
- The patient's arm is passively elevated to 90 degrees in the scapular plane, by the examiner
- The examiner passively flexes the elbow to 90 degrees
- The patient is asked to actively externally rotate the shoulder against the examiner's resistance
The test is positive if the patient is unable to perform external rotation. [2]
Instructional Video[edit | edit source]
Interpretation[edit | edit source]
Evidence[edit | edit source]
The follow information shows the Sensitivity and Specificity values, and the positive and negative Likelihood Ratios.[4][5]
| Sensitivity | 1.0 |
| Specificity | .93 |
| +LR | 14.29 |
| -LR | 0.0 |
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Magee D. J. Shoulder. Orthopedic Physical Assessment. 7th Edition. Philadelphia. Elsevier. 2022.
- ↑ Magee DJ, 2002, Orthopedic Physical Assessment, 4th edition, Philadelphia: Saunders
- ↑ Clinically Relevant Technologies, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KcNBtbVaatY; Accessed May 2011
- ↑ Walch G, Boulahia A, Calderone S, Robinson AHN. The 'dropping' and 'hornblower's' signs in evaluation of rotator cuff tears. 1998; 80: 624-28.
- ↑ Cleland J, 2005, Orthopedic Clinical Examination: An Evidence-Based Approach for Physical Therapists, 1st edition, New Jersey: Icon Learning Systems LLC.
