Spinal Cord Stimulation
Original Editor - Sehriban Ozmen
Top Contributors - Sehriban Ozmen
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Description[edit | edit source]
Action Mechanisms[edit | edit source]
Stimulation Paradigms[edit | edit source]
Tonic / Conventional Stimulation[edit | edit source]
- Generates paraesthesia in the target area.
- Frequency: 35-80 Hz
- Pulse width: 200-450 μs
- Amplitude: 5-6 mA
Burst Stimulation[edit | edit source]
- Also known as paraesthesia-free stimulation.
- Activates some brain areas, including the dorsal anterior cingulate and the dorsolateral precentral cortex.
- Low frequencies (40 Hz) with 5 closely spaced pulses (1 ms) at 500 Hz per burst, or 3 pulses at 100 Hz, followed by a repolarisation phase.
- Compared to tonic stimulation, provides a lower charge per pulse and, at the same time, a higher charge per second. The higher charge per second modulates the neurons involved in pain transmission.
High Frequency Stimulation[edit | edit source]
- Frequency: 10 000 Hz
- Pulse width: 30 ms
- Low amplitude (approximately 2-3 A)
- The advantages over tonic stimulation are still controversial, although it is clear that the absence of paraesthesia may make it more comfortable.
Indications[edit | edit source]
Indications For Pain Management[edit | edit source]
- Failed back surgery syndrome, radiculopathy, and lumbago
- Complex regional pain syndrome
- Diabetic neuropathy and other neuropathies
- Phantom limb pain
- Angina pectoris and peripheral vascular disease
- Neuropathic pain secondary to tumour
Non-Pain-Related Indications[edit | edit source]
- Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders
- Spasticity
- Spinal trauma rehabilitation
Resources[edit | edit source]
Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation
