Low Functioning Cerebral Palsy Physiotherapy Assessment and Intervention
Original Editor - Jess Bell based on the course by Dana Mather
Top Contributors - Jess Bell and Kim Jackson
Top Contributors - Jess Bell and Kim Jackson
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a heterogeneous non-progressive neuromotor disorder in an immature brain that affects movement and posture.[1] Primary impairments associated with cerebral palsy include spasticity, weakness, decreased motor control and movement dysfunction.[2] Cerebral palsy can also lead to a number of secondary musculoskeletal conditions, which can also affect functional ability.[2]
Children with cerebral palsy all present differently. Their mobility varies from walking without aids to using a wheelchair at all times.[3] There are various diagnostic sub-types, based on motor type and the distribution of cerebral palsy.
Types of cerebral palsy:[3] [4]
- Spastic cerebral palsy
- most common type and most amenable to treatment[5]
- there are five types of spastic cerebral palsy:[3]
- diplegia - either both arms or both legs are affected (most commonly both legs are affected)
- hemiplegia or hemiparesis - affects the limbs on only one side of the body
- quadriplegia or quadriparesis - all four limbs are affected
- monoplegia - only one limb is affected (extremely rare)
- triplegia - three limbs are affected
- Dyskinetic cerebral palsy[6][7]
- involves injury to the basal ganglia
- children have impaired movement control, muscle tone and coordination
- Ataxic cerebral palsy[8][9]
- least common form of cerebral palsy
- children present with incoordination of goal-directed movements
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Peterson N, Walton R. Ambulant cerebral palsy. Orthopaedics and Trauma. 2016;30(6):525-38.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Sarathy K, Doshi C, Aroojis A. Clinical examination of children with cerebral palsy. Indian J Orthop. 2019 Jan-Feb;53(1):35-44.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Mather D. Low Functioning Cerebral Palsy Physiotherapy Assessment and Intervention Course. Plus, 2023.
- ↑ Paul S, Nahar A, Bhagawati M, Kunwar AJ. A review on recent advances of cerebral palsy. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2022 Jul 30;2022.
- ↑ Papavasiliou A, Ben-Pazi H, Mastroyianni S, Ortibus E. Cerebral palsy: new developments. Frontiers in Neurology. 2021;12.
- ↑ Eskay K. Cerebral Palsy Aetiology and Pathology Course. Plus, 2023.
- ↑ Li X, Arya K. Athetoid Cerebral Palsy. InStatPearls [Internet] 2021 Sep 28. StatPearls Publishing.
- ↑ Levy JP, Oskoui M, Ng P, Andersen J, Buckley D, Fehlings D, et al. Ataxic-hypotonic cerebral palsy in a cerebral palsy registry: Insights into a distinct subtype. Neurology: Clinical Practice. 2020 Apr 1;10(2):131-9.
- ↑ Eggink HE, Kremer DA, Brouwer OF, Contarino MF, van Egmond ME, Elema AG, et al. Spasticity, dyskinesia and ataxia in cerebral palsy: are we sure we can differentiate them?. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology. 2017 Sep 1;21(5):703-6.
