Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis
Original Editors - Students from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
Top Contributors - Jessica Ernstes, Cassy Hasara, Kim Jackson, Elaine Lonnemann, WikiSysop, 127.0.0.1 and Erica Hunter
Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) refers to a non-inflammatory disease that is characterized by ossification/calcification of soft tissues, entheses, and spinal ligaments. DISH primarily affects the Anterior Longitudinal Ligament (ALL) at the attachment sites to bone in the vertebral column. [1-7] DISH is a complex disorder that not only affects the musculoskeletal system, but also can cause additional gastrointestinal, respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurological impairments due to bone compression of adjacent structures. [1,4,6,7]
Prevalence
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The reported prevalence of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis is widely varied throughout the course of available research.[5] One of the main reasons for this variability is the different locations of structural manifestations in the vertebral column. The recent evidence of DISH reports prevalence of the disease is increased in with increasing age more prominently found in the 60s and 70s.[1,2,3,7] DISH is found to affect the axial skeleton with the thoracic spine (T7-T11), being the most common levels affected.[1,2,4,7] Other structures commonly affected include: pelvis, patella, calcaneus, and the olecranon. [1,4,5] It has also been discussed throughout the research that a genetic component has a possible place in the role of development and diagnosis of the disease. [1,5,7]
Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
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Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
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Medications[edit | edit source]
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Etiology/Causes[edit | edit source]
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Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
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Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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