Septic (Infectious) Arthritis: Difference between revisions
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Septic arthritis is caused by invasion of bacteria, viruses, or fungi into the synovial membrane of a joint. This occurs most commonly by direct inoculation, penetrating wound, or direct extension. <ref name="Goodman and Snyder" />The most common mechanism of infection is via hematogenous. <ref name="Goodman and Fuller" /> | Septic arthritis is caused by invasion of bacteria, viruses, or fungi into the synovial membrane of a joint. This occurs most commonly by direct inoculation, penetrating wound, or direct extension. <ref name="Goodman and Snyder" />The most common mechanism of infection is via hematogenous. <ref name="Goodman and Fuller" /> | ||
The most important risk factors to consider include age (children and older adults are at greatest risk), diabetes mellitus, IV drug use, indwelling catheters, immunocompromised condition, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, alcohol abuse, or a recent history of joint damage. <ref name="Goodman and Snyder" />An additional risk factor is recent ACL reconstruction with a contaminated bone-tendon-bone allograft.<ref name="Goodman and Snyder" /> This is not a common occurrence secondary to advances in medicine. <br> | The most important risk factors to consider include age (children and older adults are at greatest risk), diabetes mellitus, IV drug use, indwelling catheters, immunocompromised condition, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, alcohol abuse, or a recent history of joint damage. <ref name="Goodman and Snyder" />An additional risk factor is recent ACL reconstruction with a contaminated bone-tendon-bone allograft.<ref name="Goodman and Snyder" /> This is not a common occurrence secondary to advances in medicine. <br><br> | ||
== Systemic Involvement == | == Systemic Involvement == | ||
Revision as of 21:12, 1 April 2012
Original Editors - Amy Bramble & Kayla Klope from Bellarmine University's Pathophysiology of Complex Patient Problems project.
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Definition/Description[edit | edit source]
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Prevalence[edit | edit source]
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Characteristics/Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
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Associated Co-morbidities[edit | edit source]
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Medications[edit | edit source]
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Diagnostic Tests/Lab Tests/Lab Values[edit | edit source]
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Etiology/Causes[edit | edit source]
Septic arthritis is caused by invasion of bacteria, viruses, or fungi into the synovial membrane of a joint. This occurs most commonly by direct inoculation, penetrating wound, or direct extension. [1]The most common mechanism of infection is via hematogenous. [2]
The most important risk factors to consider include age (children and older adults are at greatest risk), diabetes mellitus, IV drug use, indwelling catheters, immunocompromised condition, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, alcohol abuse, or a recent history of joint damage. [1]An additional risk factor is recent ACL reconstruction with a contaminated bone-tendon-bone allograft.[1] This is not a common occurrence secondary to advances in medicine.
Systemic Involvement[edit | edit source]
Septic arthritis presents with a multitude of signs and symptoms affecting visceral systems. Joint symptoms may present in conjunction with a skin rash, low-grade fever, chills, and lymphadenopathy. [1]Bilateral joint involvement is common in the fingers, knees, shoulders, and ankles. The classic signs of infection may be present including increased temperature, swelling, redness, and loss of function. [2] Acute symptoms of an arthritic joint in the presence of fever should alert the health care provider of potential septic arthritis and should be treated as a medical emergency.
Medical Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Physical Therapy Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Alternative/Holistic Management (current best evidence)[edit | edit source]
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Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
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Case Reports/ Case Studies[edit | edit source]
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Resources
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Recent Related Research (from Pubmed)[edit | edit source]
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