Mental Health Considerations With Cerebral Palsy: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a lifelong condition that affects motor function, communication, and daily living activities | Cerebral palsy (CP) is a lifelong condition that affects motor function, communication, and daily living activities. Progression of musculoskeletal deformities associated with this condition and changes in psychosocial development are factors leading to mental health challenges.<ref>Sienko SE. An exploratory study investigating the multidimensional factors impacting the health and well-being of young adults with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil. 2018 Mar;40(6):660-666.</ref> Clinical symptoms of anxiety are a common occurrence in children with cerebral palsy. <ref name=":1">McMahon J, Harvey A, Reid SM, May T, Antolovich G. Anxiety in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. J Paediatr Child Health. 2020 Aug;56(8):1194-1200. </ref> Other mental health issues diagnosed in individuals with cerebral palsy include depression, autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Contributing factors to mental health issues in cerebral palsy can include biological and environmental factors. When untreated, mental health issues can lead to negative consequences such as decreased participation in social activities and lower academic or work performance. Screening for both cognitive dysfunction and other mental disorders should become an integral part of the assessment of children with CP.<ref name=":0">Rackauskaite G, Bilenberg N, Uldall P, Bech BH, Østergaard J. Prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: Danish nationwide follow-up study. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2020 Jul;27:98-103.</ref> Evidence-based treatments and rehabilitation programmes with a life-span perspective for mental health issues in individuals with cerebral palsy requires multidisciplinary approach. | ||
This article discusses the impact of cerebral palsy on mental health issue and introduces evidence-based interventions for addressing mental health issues in individuals with cerebral palsy'''.''' | |||
== Definitions == | == Definitions == | ||
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== Prevalence of Mental Disorders in CP == | == Prevalence of Mental Disorders in CP == | ||
<blockquote>"The motor function does not predict the risk of other mental disorders then intellectual disability in children and adolescents with CP".<ref name=":0" /></blockquote | <blockquote>"The motor function does not predict the risk of other mental disorders then intellectual disability in children and adolescents with CP".<ref name=":0" /></blockquote> | ||
* 3.5 times more frequently for mental disorders | * When compared to control group, children with cerebral palsy are affected by mental disorders more frequently:<ref name=":0" /> | ||
* 2.5 times more prevalent for autism spectrum disorders | ** 3.5 times more frequently for mental disorders | ||
* 2.7 times more common for affective or anxiety disorders | ** 2.5 times more prevalent for autism spectrum disorders | ||
* Twice as often for ADHD | ** 2.7 times more common for affective or anxiety disorders | ||
** Twice as often for ADHD | |||
* Girls are twice as likely to have anxiety.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
* Long term disability in adolescents highly correlates with depressive and anxiety symptoms.<ref name=":2">Helseth S, Abebe DS, Andenæs R. [https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-016-3655-z Mental health problems among individuals with persistent health challenges from adolescence to young adulthood: a population-based longitudinal study in Norway.] BMC Public Health. 2016 Sep 15;16:983.</ref> | |||
* Adolescents with disability have lower scores for self-worth, appearance satisfaction, scholastic competence and social acceptance when compared with adolescents without disability.<ref name=":2" /> | |||
== Factors Leading to Mental Health Challenges in CP == | == Factors Leading to Mental Health Challenges in CP == | ||
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a lifelong condition that affects motor function, communication, and daily living activities. Progression of musculoskeletal deformities associated with this condition and changes in psychosocial development are factors leading to mental health challenges.[1] Clinical symptoms of anxiety are a common occurrence in children with cerebral palsy. [2] Other mental health issues diagnosed in individuals with cerebral palsy include depression, autism, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Contributing factors to mental health issues in cerebral palsy can include biological and environmental factors. When untreated, mental health issues can lead to negative consequences such as decreased participation in social activities and lower academic or work performance. Screening for both cognitive dysfunction and other mental disorders should become an integral part of the assessment of children with CP.[3] Evidence-based treatments and rehabilitation programmes with a life-span perspective for mental health issues in individuals with cerebral palsy requires multidisciplinary approach.
This article discusses the impact of cerebral palsy on mental health issue and introduces evidence-based interventions for addressing mental health issues in individuals with cerebral palsy.
Definitions[edit | edit source]
Cerebral Palsy[edit | edit source]
Mental Health Disorders[edit | edit source]
Prevalence of Mental Disorders in CP[edit | edit source]
"The motor function does not predict the risk of other mental disorders then intellectual disability in children and adolescents with CP".[3]
- When compared to control group, children with cerebral palsy are affected by mental disorders more frequently:[3]
- 3.5 times more frequently for mental disorders
- 2.5 times more prevalent for autism spectrum disorders
- 2.7 times more common for affective or anxiety disorders
- Twice as often for ADHD
- Girls are twice as likely to have anxiety.[2]
- Long term disability in adolescents highly correlates with depressive and anxiety symptoms.[4]
- Adolescents with disability have lower scores for self-worth, appearance satisfaction, scholastic competence and social acceptance when compared with adolescents without disability.[4]
Factors Leading to Mental Health Challenges in CP[edit | edit source]
Physical Limitations[edit | edit source]
Pain[edit | edit source]
Communication[edit | edit source]
Societal Stigma and Discrimination[edit | edit source]
Sexual Development[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
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References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Sienko SE. An exploratory study investigating the multidimensional factors impacting the health and well-being of young adults with cerebral palsy. Disabil Rehabil. 2018 Mar;40(6):660-666.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 McMahon J, Harvey A, Reid SM, May T, Antolovich G. Anxiety in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. J Paediatr Child Health. 2020 Aug;56(8):1194-1200.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Rackauskaite G, Bilenberg N, Uldall P, Bech BH, Østergaard J. Prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: Danish nationwide follow-up study. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2020 Jul;27:98-103.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Helseth S, Abebe DS, Andenæs R. Mental health problems among individuals with persistent health challenges from adolescence to young adulthood: a population-based longitudinal study in Norway. BMC Public Health. 2016 Sep 15;16:983.
