Developing Expertise in Rehabilitation Professional Practice: Difference between revisions

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The rehabilitation profession comprises a variety of healthcare professionals, namely physiotherapists (PT), occupational therapists (OT), speech and language therapists (SLT), audiologists, prosthetists & orthotists (P&O), rehabilitation nurses, clinical psychologists, physical medicine and rehabilitation doctors, - as explicitly stated by various authors<ref name=":1" /><ref>Mak, S., Hunt, M., Boruff, J., Zaccagnini, M., & Thomas, A.  Exploring professional identity in rehabilitation professions: a scoping review. ''Advances in health sciences education: theory and practice'', 2022;''27''(3), 793–815. Available from: <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-022-10103-z</nowiki></ref>.
The rehabilitation profession comprises a variety of healthcare professionals, namely physiotherapists (PT), occupational therapists (OT), speech and language therapists (SLT), audiologists, prosthetists & orthotists (P&O), rehabilitation nurses, clinical psychologists, physical medicine and rehabilitation doctors, - as explicitly stated by various authors<ref name=":1" /><ref>Mak, S., Hunt, M., Boruff, J., Zaccagnini, M., & Thomas, A.  Exploring professional identity in rehabilitation professions: a scoping review. ''Advances in health sciences education: theory and practice'', 2022;''27''(3), 793–815. Available from: <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-022-10103-z</nowiki></ref>.
Globally, expertise in the rehabilitation field demands a comprehensive understanding of cultural aspects such as values, beliefs, norms, and practices <ref>Martin, S., & Wagenfeld, A. Global Perspectives on Occupational Therapy Practice and Education. The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy,2019; 7(3), 1-4. Available from: <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.15453/2168-6408.1654</nowiki></ref>. Different countries may have varying definitions of a rehabilitation expert, but certain factors remain consistent, including competence, professional development, experience, and professional practices<ref>Gail M. J. etal. Expert Practice in Physical Therapy, ''Physical Therapy'',2000; 80(1)28–43. Available from: <nowiki>https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/80.1.28</nowiki></ref>.


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 12:43, 21 July 2023

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Original Editor - Ines Musabyemariya Top Contributors - Ines Musabyemariya, Kim Jackson and Carina Therese Magtibay

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Expertise is defined as the ability to perform at an excellent level in a specific task or field. Individuals who attain this status are referred to as experts, which means individuals whose performance is considered to be the best in their field[1][2].

Expertise is a journey that someone decide to take to reach an ultimate level of performance in a certain Field or task[3].

The field of rehabilitation is vast, as a rehabilitation professional, it is crucial to reflect on your daily work and seek ways to improve the lives of those you serve. This reflective practice may lead you to specialize in a particular field.

In order to attain a level of expertise, it is essential to go further into the field and understand the reasoning behind specific occurrences. This individual process is also aligned with your motivation for embarking on the journey for developing professional expertise[2].

Professional Development, Carrier guidance and Expertise[edit | edit source]

It would be helpful to have a clearer understanding of the distinctions between professional development, career guidance, and expertise.

Professional development entails improving your abilities and gaining new experiences to enhance your performance in your current position and within your organization. This can involve building connections, on job training, and acquiring technical knowledge. Conversely, career guidance helps you identify your preferred career paths, plan how to pursue them, and understand what it takes to succeed. Expertise, however, refers to the understanding and skills acquired through learning, training, and practical experience[4].

How do you develop expertise in professional practice?[edit | edit source]

To be the rehabilitation professional requires to have the necessary qualifications and knowledge, typically obtained through degrees or certificates in rehabilitation field. However, to become an expert brings a deeper diving into a particular field to better serve the population, and this requires a combination of personal motivation, personal talent, cultural and environmental elements. Literature shows that developing expertise in a certain field of practice involves various strategies that are personal, but also contextual, and this is an ongoing contextualized and individualized experience.[5][6][7].In summary developing expertise is:

  • A learning journey that reflects on own practice,
  • Critical analysis and thinking of own practice,
  • Having curiosity to learn,
  • Know your motivation,
  • and consider socio-cultural construct.

Components of Expertise[edit | edit source]

The topic of expertise is quite complex and has been studied by researchers in various fields. There are five generalizations, or components that can be made about its nature[8][9][10]:

  1. Competence: skills and competences develop continuously with experience in a certain field. It's important to remember that people become more knowledgeable as they gain experience in a specific field.
  2. Contextual specific: It is crucial to understand that expertise in any given field is country and culturally specific.
  3. Identification of gap and problem perception: Experts have potential to identify crucial patterns on a broader scale, they possess the skill of recognizing significant patterns on a large scale.
  4. Process of acquiring and developing knowledge: It is also necessary to understand that experts possess a wealth of knowledge in a certain field, that was tested and confirmed throughout their professional practice.
  5. Problem solving: Experts develop sharp recognition and representation skills in order to be a more efficient problem-solver in a certain area.

Global perspective about rehabilitation professional expertise[edit | edit source]

According to WHO, there is a growing global demand for professionals in the rehabilitation sector [11]. As this demand increases, there is a need to increase the number of rehabilitation professionals to ensure that the population's needs are met. However, it's also important to consider the need for rehabilitation experts who understand the specific needs of their context and can effectively address them[11].

The rehabilitation profession comprises a variety of healthcare professionals, namely physiotherapists (PT), occupational therapists (OT), speech and language therapists (SLT), audiologists, prosthetists & orthotists (P&O), rehabilitation nurses, clinical psychologists, physical medicine and rehabilitation doctors, - as explicitly stated by various authors[11][12].

Globally, expertise in the rehabilitation field demands a comprehensive understanding of cultural aspects such as values, beliefs, norms, and practices [13]. Different countries may have varying definitions of a rehabilitation expert, but certain factors remain consistent, including competence, professional development, experience, and professional practices[14].

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Eraut, M. Expert and expertise: meanings and perspectives. Learning in Health and Social Care,2005 4: 173-179. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1473-6861.2005.00102.x
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Klein. E, Virtual Mentor Ethics Journal of the American Medical Association February 2006, Volume 8, Number 2:69-70.
  3. ↑ Gruber, H., Jossberger, H. Development of Expertise and High Performance in Content-Area Learning. In: Seel, N.M. (eds) Encyclopedia of the Sciences of Learning. Springer, Boston, MA. 2012. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1428-6_1687
  4. ↑ Cornford, I. and Athanasou, J. "Developing expertise through training", Industrial and Commercial Training, 1995;27(2),10-18. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1108/00197859510082861
  5. ↑ Bourne LE Jr, Kole JA, Healy AF. Expertise: defined, described, explained. Front Psychol. March 2014; 5:186. Available from: doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00186. PMID: 24624112; PMCID: PMC3941081.
  6. ↑ Wallin, A., Nokelainen, P. & Mikkonen, S. How experienced professionals develop their expertise in work-based higher education: a literature review. High Educ. 2019; 77:359–378. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-018-0279-5
  7. ↑ Ericsson, K. (Ed.). Development of Professional Expertise: Toward Measurement of Expert Performance and Design of Optimal Learning Environments. Cambridge University Press,2009. Available from: doi:10.1017/CBO9780511609817
  8. ↑ Chi, M.T.H., Glaser, R., & Farr, M.J. (Eds.). The Nature of Expertise (1st ed.). Psychology Press.1988. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315799681
  9. ↑ Fox, S., & Leake, D. B. Introspective reasoning for index refinement in case-based reasoning. Journal of Experimental & Theoretical Artificial Intelligence, 2001; 13(1), 63–88. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/09528130010029794
  10. ↑ Leighton, J. P., & Sternberg, R. J. Reasoning and problem solving. In A. F. Healy & R. W. Proctor (Eds.), Handbook of psychology: Experimental psychology, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.2003; 4, 623–648. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/0471264385.wei0423
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Rehabilitation Competency Framework, World Health Organization; 2020. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris.
  12. ↑ Mak, S., Hunt, M., Boruff, J., Zaccagnini, M., & Thomas, A. Exploring professional identity in rehabilitation professions: a scoping review. Advances in health sciences education: theory and practice, 2022;27(3), 793–815. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10459-022-10103-z
  13. ↑ Martin, S., & Wagenfeld, A. Global Perspectives on Occupational Therapy Practice and Education. The Open Journal of Occupational Therapy,2019; 7(3), 1-4. Available from: https://doi.org/10.15453/2168-6408.1654
  14. ↑ Gail M. J. etal. Expert Practice in Physical Therapy, Physical Therapy,2000; 80(1)28–43. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1093/ptj/80.1.28
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