Elbow Hook Test: Difference between revisions
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=== Purpose === | === Purpose === | ||
Hook Test is a clinical examination to access the Distal Biceps tendon Rupture. | Hook Test is a clinical examination to access the Distal Biceps tendon Rupture.<ref name=":0">O'Driscoll SW, Goncalves LB, Dietz P. The hook test for distal biceps tendon avulsion. Am J Sports Med. 2007 Nov;35(11):1865-9. doi: 10.1177/0363546507305016. Epub 2007 Aug 8. PMID: 17687121.</ref><ref name=":1">Devereaux MW, ElMaraghy AW. Improving the rapid and reliable diagnosis of complete distal biceps tendon rupture: a nuanced approach to the clinical examination. Am J Sports Med. 2013 Sep;41(9):1998-2004. doi: 10.1177/0363546513493383. Epub 2013 Jun 26. PMID: 23804587.</ref> | ||
=== Technique === | === Technique === | ||
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Step 2. Patient shoulder is abducted to 90 degree, with the elbow is flexed to 90 degree, then forearm supinated facing thump upward. | Step 2. Patient shoulder is abducted to 90 degree, with the elbow is flexed to 90 degree, then forearm supinated facing thump upward. | ||
Step 3. Patient is asked to actively supinate the arm against resistance applied by examiner, then the examiner to hook with his index finger of other hand under the intact biceps tendon from the lateral to medial side. | Step 3. Patient is asked to actively supinate the arm against resistance applied by examiner, then the examiner to hook with his index finger of other hand under the intact biceps tendon from the lateral to medial side.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
Step 4. Positive test indicates when there is no cord-like structure can be hooked shows distal biceps rupture. | Step 4. Positive test indicates when there is no cord-like structure can be hooked shows distal biceps rupture.<ref name=":0" /> | ||
Step 5. Comparison can be done with the contralateral elbow. | Step 5. Comparison can be done with the contralateral elbow. | ||
=== Evidence === | === Evidence === | ||
Sensitivity | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|+<small>''See the [[Test Diagnostics|test diagnostics]] page for an explanation of statistics.''</small> | |||
!complete rupture. | |||
!Partial tear | |||
|- | |||
|Sensitivity - 100%<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2">Bono OJ, Shah SS, Peterson J, Golenbock SW, Ross G. The Flexion Initiation Test and an Evidence-Based Diagnostic Algorithm for Distal Biceps Tendon Tears. ''Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil''. 2021;3(3):e721-e726. Published 2021 Mar 13. doi:10.1016/j.asmr.2021.01.010</ref> | |||
|Sensitivity - 18%<ref name=":2" /> | |||
|- | |||
|Specificity - 100% for complete rupture.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
=== Reference === | === Reference === | ||
Revision as of 18:52, 4 August 2021
Purpose[edit | edit source]
Hook Test is a clinical examination to access the Distal Biceps tendon Rupture.[1][2]
Technique[edit | edit source]
Step 1. Patient position in sitting or standing position.
Step 2. Patient shoulder is abducted to 90 degree, with the elbow is flexed to 90 degree, then forearm supinated facing thump upward.
Step 3. Patient is asked to actively supinate the arm against resistance applied by examiner, then the examiner to hook with his index finger of other hand under the intact biceps tendon from the lateral to medial side.[1]
Step 4. Positive test indicates when there is no cord-like structure can be hooked shows distal biceps rupture.[1]
Step 5. Comparison can be done with the contralateral elbow.
Evidence[edit | edit source]
| complete rupture. | Partial tear |
|---|---|
| Sensitivity - 100%[1][2][3] | Sensitivity - 18%[3] |
| Specificity - 100% for complete rupture.[1][2] |
Reference[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 O'Driscoll SW, Goncalves LB, Dietz P. The hook test for distal biceps tendon avulsion. Am J Sports Med. 2007 Nov;35(11):1865-9. doi: 10.1177/0363546507305016. Epub 2007 Aug 8. PMID: 17687121.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Devereaux MW, ElMaraghy AW. Improving the rapid and reliable diagnosis of complete distal biceps tendon rupture: a nuanced approach to the clinical examination. Am J Sports Med. 2013 Sep;41(9):1998-2004. doi: 10.1177/0363546513493383. Epub 2013 Jun 26. PMID: 23804587.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Bono OJ, Shah SS, Peterson J, Golenbock SW, Ross G. The Flexion Initiation Test and an Evidence-Based Diagnostic Algorithm for Distal Biceps Tendon Tears. Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil. 2021;3(3):e721-e726. Published 2021 Mar 13. doi:10.1016/j.asmr.2021.01.010
