Dyspnoea: Difference between revisions
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== Introduction == | == Introduction == | ||
Dyspnoea/ dyspnea also known as shortness of breath or breathlessness, is a subjective awareness of the sensation of uncomfortable breathing.<br><ref>Coccia CB, Palkowski GH, Schweitzer B, Motsohi T, Ntusi NA. Dyspnoea: Pathophysiology and [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26933707/ a clinical approach. SAMJ: South African Medical Journal. 2016 Jan;106(1):32-6.]</ref>.Dyspnoea is a subjective sensation which probably develops as a result of integration of signals from the central nervous system and some peripheral receptors. Known dyspnoegenic stimuli include the sensation of an increased effort of the respiratory muscles, information from chemoreceptors on the inadequacy of ventilation, from pulmonary receptors on the compression of the airways and disharmony between information on the tension of the respiratory muscles and the corresponding shortening of the muscle.<ref>Smejkal V. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10750285/ Dyspnea remains a complicated medical (clinical) problem]. Casopis Lekaru Ceskych. 2000 Jan 1;139(1):9-12.</ref>Dyspnea represents one of the most frequent cardinal symptoms in general practice and interdisciplinary emergency care across all sectors<ref>Hauswaldt J, Blaschke S. Dyspnoe. Der Internist. 2017 Sep 1;58(9):925-36.[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28608125/]</ref> | Dyspnoea/ dyspnea also known as shortness of breath or breathlessness, is a subjective awareness of the sensation of uncomfortable breathing.<br><ref>Coccia CB, Palkowski GH, Schweitzer B, Motsohi T, Ntusi NA. Dyspnoea: Pathophysiology and [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26933707/ a clinical approach. SAMJ: South African Medical Journal. 2016 Jan;106(1):32-6.]</ref>.Dyspnoea is a subjective sensation which probably develops as a result of integration of signals from the central nervous system and some peripheral receptors. Known dyspnoegenic stimuli include the sensation of an increased effort of the respiratory muscles, information from chemoreceptors on the inadequacy of ventilation, from pulmonary receptors on the compression of the airways and disharmony between information on the tension of the respiratory muscles and the corresponding shortening of the muscle.<ref>Smejkal V. [https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10750285/ Dyspnea remains a complicated medical (clinical) problem]. Casopis Lekaru Ceskych. 2000 Jan 1;139(1):9-12.</ref>Dyspnea represents one of the most frequent cardinal symptoms in general practice and interdisciplinary emergency care across all sectors<ref>Hauswaldt J, Blaschke S. Dyspnoe. Der Internist. 2017 Sep 1;58(9):925-36.[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28608125/]</ref> | ||
== Epidemiology == | |||
The epidemiology of dyspnea is highly variable depending on etiology.<ref name=":0">Sharma S, Hashmi MF, Badireddy M. Dyspnea on Exertion (DOE). InStatPearls [Internet] 2020 May 23. StatPearls Publishing.</ref> | |||
== Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process == | == Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process == | ||
<br> | |||
== Clinical Presentation == | == Clinical Presentation == | ||
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== Management / Interventions == | == Management / Interventions == | ||
Dyspnea can be either acute or chronic with acute occurring over hours to days and chronic occurring for more than 4 to 8 weeks.<ref name=":0" /><br> | |||
== Differential Diagnosis == | == Differential Diagnosis == | ||
Revision as of 13:41, 16 September 2020
Introduction[edit | edit source]
Dyspnoea/ dyspnea also known as shortness of breath or breathlessness, is a subjective awareness of the sensation of uncomfortable breathing.
[1].Dyspnoea is a subjective sensation which probably develops as a result of integration of signals from the central nervous system and some peripheral receptors. Known dyspnoegenic stimuli include the sensation of an increased effort of the respiratory muscles, information from chemoreceptors on the inadequacy of ventilation, from pulmonary receptors on the compression of the airways and disharmony between information on the tension of the respiratory muscles and the corresponding shortening of the muscle.[2]Dyspnea represents one of the most frequent cardinal symptoms in general practice and interdisciplinary emergency care across all sectors[3]
Epidemiology[edit | edit source]
The epidemiology of dyspnea is highly variable depending on etiology.[4]
Mechanism of Injury / Pathological Process[edit | edit source]
Clinical Presentation[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to the clinical presentation of the condition
Diagnostic Procedures[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to diagnostic tests for the condition
Outcome Measures[edit | edit source]
add links to outcome measures here (see Outcome Measures Database)
Management / Interventions[edit | edit source]
Dyspnea can be either acute or chronic with acute occurring over hours to days and chronic occurring for more than 4 to 8 weeks.[4]
Differential Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
add text here relating to the differential diagnosis of this condition
Resources[edit | edit source]
add appropriate resources here
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ Coccia CB, Palkowski GH, Schweitzer B, Motsohi T, Ntusi NA. Dyspnoea: Pathophysiology and a clinical approach. SAMJ: South African Medical Journal. 2016 Jan;106(1):32-6.
- ↑ Smejkal V. Dyspnea remains a complicated medical (clinical) problem. Casopis Lekaru Ceskych. 2000 Jan 1;139(1):9-12.
- ↑ Hauswaldt J, Blaschke S. Dyspnoe. Der Internist. 2017 Sep 1;58(9):925-36.[1]
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sharma S, Hashmi MF, Badireddy M. Dyspnea on Exertion (DOE). InStatPearls [Internet] 2020 May 23. StatPearls Publishing.
