Flexor Digitorum Superficialis: Difference between revisions
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{{#ev:youtube|9lSOE1CbJYw}}<ref>Flexor Digitorum Superficialis - Everything You Need To Know - Dr. Nabil Ebraheim. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9lSOE1CbJYw. [last accessed 28/05/2020]</ref> | {{#ev:youtube|9lSOE1CbJYw}}<ref>Flexor Digitorum Superficialis - Everything You Need To Know - Dr. Nabil Ebraheim. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9lSOE1CbJYw. [last accessed 28/05/2020]</ref> | ||
== Clinical relevance<ref name=":0" /> == | == Clinical relevance<ref name=":0" /> == | ||
* Swan neck deformity | * [[Swan-neck deformity|Swan neck deformity]]: It is the hyperextension of the PIP joint with flexion posture of the DIP joint that most commonly occurs secondary to rheumatoid arthritis, cerebral palsy, connective tissue disorders such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, or trauma. | ||
* | * Carpal tunnel syndrome: | ||
* Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) syndrome | * Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) syndrome | ||
* Variation of absent of one tendon for little finger.<ref>IMRE N, YILDIZ S, KOCABIYIK N. [https://www.pulsus.com/scholarly-articles/variant-muscle-to-the-little-finger-originating-from-the-flexor-digitorum-superficialisintroductionflexor.html Variant muscle to the little finger originating from the flexor digitorum superficialis.] Int J Anat Var (IJAV). 2015;8:34-6.</ref> | * Variation of absent of one tendon for little finger.<ref>IMRE N, YILDIZ S, KOCABIYIK N. [https://www.pulsus.com/scholarly-articles/variant-muscle-to-the-little-finger-originating-from-the-flexor-digitorum-superficialisintroductionflexor.html Variant muscle to the little finger originating from the flexor digitorum superficialis.] Int J Anat Var (IJAV). 2015;8:34-6.</ref> | ||
Revision as of 09:30, 29 May 2020
Original Editor - User Name
Top Contributors - Manisha Shrestha, Kim Jackson and Shaimaa Eldib
Description[edit | edit source]
It is the bulk of muscle located at the superficial volar/anterior aspect of the forearm.[1]
The flexor digitorum superficialis courses along the volar aspect of the forearm, superficial to the flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis longus muscles, and deep to the palmaris longus, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, and pronator teres.[1]
Origin[edit | edit source]
The flexor digitorum superficialis muscle has two origins/ heads:
- The humeroulnar head originates off the common origin of wrist flexors i.e. medial epicondyle of the humerus and the medial border of the coronoid process of the ulna.
- The radial head originates on the anterior oblique line of shaft of radius.[2][3]
Insertion[edit | edit source]
As it courses down the forearm, the flexor digitorum superficialis separates into two planes of muscular fibers, superficial and deep:
- The superficial plane further divides to supply tendons for the middle and ring fingers.
- The deep plane provides a muscular slip to join the part of the superficial plane that associates with the tendon of the ring finger and then divides to supply tendons for the index and little fingers
The four flexor digitorum superficialis tendons pass deep to the transverse carpal ligament, constituting four of the nine total tendons in the carpal tunnel. Continuing into the palm, the flexor digitorum superficialis tendinously slips into two parts to pass posteriorly around each side of the tendons of flexor digitorum profundus and ultimately insert onto the middle phalangeal bases of digits 2 through 5, on the volar surface of the hand. [1][2][3]
Nerve[edit | edit source]
Median nerve (C7, C8, T1)[1]
Artery[edit | edit source]
The primary blood supply to the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle is from the ulnar artery. Lymphatic drainage of the upper limb occurs via the axillary lymph nodes.[1]
Function[edit | edit source]
- It is the primary flexor of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints of the middle phalanges of digits 2nd to 5th.
- It also assists in flexion of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of digits 2nd to 5th.
- It also helps in wrist flexion.[1][2]
Clinical relevance[1][edit | edit source]
- Swan neck deformity: It is the hyperextension of the PIP joint with flexion posture of the DIP joint that most commonly occurs secondary to rheumatoid arthritis, cerebral palsy, connective tissue disorders such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, or trauma.
- Carpal tunnel syndrome:
- Anterior interosseous nerve (AIN) syndrome
- Variation of absent of one tendon for little finger.[5]
Assessment[edit | edit source]
Treatment[edit | edit source]
Resources[edit | edit source]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Okafor L, Varacallo M. Anatomy, Shoulder and Upper Limb, Hand Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Muscle. [Last updated: March 24, 2019]
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Chaurasia BD. Human_Anatomy, Volume 1 - Upper Limb Thorax. 6th Edition. CBS Publishers and distributors Pvt Ltd
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Drake R, Vogl AW, Mitchell AW. Gray's Anatomy for Students E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2009 Apr 4.
- ↑ Flexor Digitorum Superficialis - Everything You Need To Know - Dr. Nabil Ebraheim. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9lSOE1CbJYw. [last accessed 28/05/2020]
- ↑ IMRE N, YILDIZ S, KOCABIYIK N. Variant muscle to the little finger originating from the flexor digitorum superficialis. Int J Anat Var (IJAV). 2015;8:34-6.
- ↑ Sarah Tucker Oxford. Hand Examination; Finger Flexors FDS and FDP. Available from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hT0nR5d4Rnk [last accessed 28/05/2020]
