Lymphatic System: Difference between revisions

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== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
[[File:Pompe venosa - linfatiche.png|thumb|muscle-arterial pumps for the veins and lymphatic ducts|141x141px]]
[[File:Pompe venosa - linfatiche.png|thumb|muscle-arterial pumps for the veins and lymphatic ducts|141x141px]]
Lymph is the fluid that surrounds all tissues. Important cells in the lymph are lymphocytes and macrophages. Importance of lymphocytes and macrophages lays in that macrophages absorb or better say eat foreign microbe, on the other side lymphocytes increase their number. Lymph is part of the lymphatic system and flows through lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes. Lymph have the function of removing foreign microbs to lymph nodes and return proteins to the blood. Lymph move across lymphatic vessels simply because of activation surrounding muscles and because of that pressure is different than in blood vessels <ref>The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Lymph. Available from:https://www.britannica.com/science/lymph, (accessed 15/02/2019)</ref>. Problems that lymph may cause are primarily because there is no pump like blood have <ref name=":0">L.Felts. Detox your lymph: 10 holistic treatments for your lymphatic system. Available from:  https://thechalkboardmag.com/detox-your-lymph-10-holistic-treatments-for-lymphatic-system (accessed 13/02/2019)</ref>. [[File:Flusso linfatico.gif|thumb|Lymphatic flow|216x216px]]
Lymph is the fluid that flows through the lymphatic system and surrounds all tissues. It flows through lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes and is part of the immune system that is responsible for removing foreign microbes to lymph nodes and returning proteins to the blood. Unlike blood, which flows around the body in a loop by force created by the pumping mechanism of the heart, lymph flows in only one direction, upwards towards the neck. The direction of the flow of lymph is controlled by valves and the flow is controlled by force created by activation surrounding muscles and the fact that the pressure is different than in blood vessels <ref>The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Lymph. Available from:https://www.britannica.com/science/lymph, (accessed 15/02/2019)</ref>. Problems that lymph may cause are primarily because there is no pump like blood have <ref name=":0">L.Felts. Detox your lymph: 10 holistic treatments for your lymphatic system. Available from:  https://thechalkboardmag.com/detox-your-lymph-10-holistic-treatments-for-lymphatic-system (accessed 13/02/2019)</ref>. [[File:Flusso linfatico.gif|thumb|Lymphatic flow|216x216px]]
Lymph  Lymph contains lymphocytes and macrophages which are important cells; 
* Lymphocytes contain T Cells, B Cells, and killer cells that increase in number to fight disease and any foreign object detected by the body 
* Microphages that absorb, or better say eat foreign microbe
 
== Physiotherapy  ==
== Physiotherapy  ==
Physiotherapy had a crucial part in resolving problems with the lymph using the technique [https://www.physio-pedia.com/manual_lymph_drainage lymphatic drainage] and exercise <ref>A. Weil. Lymphatic Massage Therapy. Available from: https://www.drweil.com/health-wellness/balanced-living/wellness-therapies/lymphatic-massage-therapy/ (accessed 12/02/2019)</ref>,<ref name=":0" />, <ref>Boon C.C. [[Manual lymph drainage]]. Available from: [https://www.physiopedia.com/manual_lymph_drainage https://www.physio-pedia.com/manual_lymph_drainage] (accessed 11/02/2019)</ref>. Exercise induces transport of lymph. We can say that any movement of muscles and artery pulse cause the transport of lymph in the lymphatic system. Benefit of active life is that our body induces activate inactive and inches late lymph vessels. Some activities that are recommended are swimming, brisk walking, tennis, jumping, gymnastic, deep breathing, etc <ref>L. Vandermeeren, G. Van Damme, S. Stein, N. Devoogdt, B. Clerinks, P. Vlecken, L. Martens, K. Tollenaere, N. Beauloye. Report Patient Day 29 october 2017. Available from: https://www.belymph.org/web/en/belymph/patient-day (accessed 16/02/2019)
Physiotherapy has a crucial part in resolving problems with the lymph using the technique [https://www.physio-pedia.com/manual_lymph_drainage lymphatic drainage] and exercise <ref>A. Weil. Lymphatic Massage Therapy. Available from: https://www.drweil.com/health-wellness/balanced-living/wellness-therapies/lymphatic-massage-therapy/ (accessed 12/02/2019)</ref>,<ref name=":0" />, <ref>Boon C.C. [[Manual lymph drainage]]. Available from: [https://www.physiopedia.com/manual_lymph_drainage https://www.physio-pedia.com/manual_lymph_drainage] (accessed 11/02/2019)</ref>. Exercise induces transport of lymph. Movement of muscles and arterial pulses cause the transport of lymph through the lymphatic system. Being active therefore has a positive effect of lymphatic system and the movement of lymph through our body. Some activities that are recommended are swimming, brisk walking, tennis, jumping, gymnastic, deep breathing, etc <ref>L. Vandermeeren, G. Van Damme, S. Stein, N. Devoogdt, B. Clerinks, P. Vlecken, L. Martens, K. Tollenaere, N. Beauloye. Report Patient Day 29 october 2017. Available from: https://www.belymph.org/web/en/belymph/patient-day (accessed 16/02/2019)
</ref>, <ref>S. Ding. 16 warning sings that you need to drain your lymphatic fluids. Available from: https://juicing-for-health.com/how-to-drain-your-lymphatic-fluids (accessed 12/02/2019)</ref>.   
</ref>, <ref>S. Ding. 16 warning sings that you need to drain your lymphatic fluids. Available from: https://juicing-for-health.com/how-to-drain-your-lymphatic-fluids (accessed 12/02/2019)</ref>.   


== Parts of lymphatic tissues, hydrodynamics and lymphatic transport ==
== Parts of Lymphatic Tissue, Hydrodynamics and Lymphatic Transport ==
We have several parts of lymphatic tissues lymph nodes, spleen, lymph vessels, thymus, lymph ducts <ref>M. MacGill. What does the lymphatic system do. Available from:https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/303087.php (accessed 17/02/2019)
[[File:Lymphoma Lymph Node Diagram.jpg|thumb|177x177px]]The lymphatic system includes lymph nodes, spleen, lymph vessels, thymus, lymph ducts <ref>M. MacGill. What does the lymphatic system do. Available from:https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/303087.php (accessed 17/02/2019)
</ref>. In some literature has described two types of lymph pumps: intrinsic and extrinsic. Extrinsic lymph pump are muscle, arterial and respiration. Intrisnsic lymph pump are contraction of lymphatic vessels. There are two existing types of pressures near atmospheric and negative relative pressures. The peripheral lymphatic network has lower pressure than final tracts and average lymph pressures are lesser than the venous network where lymph finally flow <ref>Zawieja DC. Contractile physiology of lymphatics. Lymphatic research and biology. 2009; 7(2): 87-96
</ref>. It can be described as having two types of lymph pumps: intrinsic and extrinsic. Extrinsic lymph pump are muscle, arterial and respiration. Intrisnsic lymph pump are contraction of lymphatic vessels. There are two existing types of pressures near atmospheric and negative relative pressures. The peripheral lymphatic network has lower pressure than final tracts and average lymph pressures are lesser than the venous network where lymph finally flow <ref>Zawieja DC. Contractile physiology of lymphatics. Lymphatic research and biology. 2009; 7(2): 87-96
</ref>,<ref>Gashev A.A, Zawieja D.C. Hydrodynamic regulation of lymphatic transport and the impact of aging. Patophysiology. 2010; 17(4): 277-287
</ref>,<ref>Gashev A.A, Zawieja D.C. Hydrodynamic regulation of lymphatic transport and the impact of aging. Patophysiology. 2010; 17(4): 277-287
</ref>.   
</ref>.   
[[File:Lymphoma Lymph Node Diagram.jpg|thumb|177x177px]]
== References  ==
== References  ==


<references />
<references />

Revision as of 19:00, 9 June 2019

Original Editor - Iva Top Contributors - Iva, Lucinda hampton, Shaimaa Eldib, Kim Jackson, Essam Ahmed and Candace Goh

Introduction[edit | edit source]

muscle-arterial pumps for the veins and lymphatic ducts

Lymph is the fluid that flows through the lymphatic system and surrounds all tissues. It flows through lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes and is part of the immune system that is responsible for removing foreign microbes to lymph nodes and returning proteins to the blood. Unlike blood, which flows around the body in a loop by force created by the pumping mechanism of the heart, lymph flows in only one direction, upwards towards the neck. The direction of the flow of lymph is controlled by valves and the flow is controlled by force created by activation surrounding muscles and the fact that the pressure is different than in blood vessels [1]. Problems that lymph may cause are primarily because there is no pump like blood have [2].

Lymphatic flow

Lymph Lymph contains lymphocytes and macrophages which are important cells;

  • Lymphocytes contain T Cells, B Cells, and killer cells that increase in number to fight disease and any foreign object detected by the body
  • Microphages that absorb, or better say eat foreign microbe

Physiotherapy[edit | edit source]

Physiotherapy has a crucial part in resolving problems with the lymph using the technique lymphatic drainage and exercise [3],[2], [4]. Exercise induces transport of lymph. Movement of muscles and arterial pulses cause the transport of lymph through the lymphatic system. Being active therefore has a positive effect of lymphatic system and the movement of lymph through our body. Some activities that are recommended are swimming, brisk walking, tennis, jumping, gymnastic, deep breathing, etc [5], [6].

Parts of Lymphatic Tissue, Hydrodynamics and Lymphatic Transport[edit | edit source]

Lymphoma Lymph Node Diagram.jpg

The lymphatic system includes lymph nodes, spleen, lymph vessels, thymus, lymph ducts [7]. It can be described as having two types of lymph pumps: intrinsic and extrinsic. Extrinsic lymph pump are muscle, arterial and respiration. Intrisnsic lymph pump are contraction of lymphatic vessels. There are two existing types of pressures near atmospheric and negative relative pressures. The peripheral lymphatic network has lower pressure than final tracts and average lymph pressures are lesser than the venous network where lymph finally flow [8],[9].

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Lymph. Available from:https://www.britannica.com/science/lymph, (accessed 15/02/2019)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 L.Felts. Detox your lymph: 10 holistic treatments for your lymphatic system. Available from:  https://thechalkboardmag.com/detox-your-lymph-10-holistic-treatments-for-lymphatic-system (accessed 13/02/2019)
  3. ↑ A. Weil. Lymphatic Massage Therapy. Available from: https://www.drweil.com/health-wellness/balanced-living/wellness-therapies/lymphatic-massage-therapy/ (accessed 12/02/2019)
  4. ↑ Boon C.C. Manual lymph drainage. Available from: https://www.physio-pedia.com/manual_lymph_drainage (accessed 11/02/2019)
  5. ↑ L. Vandermeeren, G. Van Damme, S. Stein, N. Devoogdt, B. Clerinks, P. Vlecken, L. Martens, K. Tollenaere, N. Beauloye. Report Patient Day 29 october 2017. Available from: https://www.belymph.org/web/en/belymph/patient-day (accessed 16/02/2019)
  6. ↑ S. Ding. 16 warning sings that you need to drain your lymphatic fluids. Available from: https://juicing-for-health.com/how-to-drain-your-lymphatic-fluids (accessed 12/02/2019)
  7. ↑ M. MacGill. What does the lymphatic system do. Available from:https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/303087.php (accessed 17/02/2019)
  8. ↑ Zawieja DC. Contractile physiology of lymphatics. Lymphatic research and biology. 2009; 7(2): 87-96
  9. ↑ Gashev A.A, Zawieja D.C. Hydrodynamic regulation of lymphatic transport and the impact of aging. Patophysiology. 2010; 17(4): 277-287
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